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EN
The characteristics of the surnames of Piotrków Trybunalski's inhabitants Keywords: anthroponymy, the region history, dialectology. Słowa kluczowe: antroponimia, historia regionu, dialektologia. The characteristics of Piotrków inhabitants' surnames from the chronological period of the 16th-20th cen-turies was made on the historical-social background of the town, using chrony as an interpretative method. The analysis of the anthroponyms let me identify some typical naming features of the region. The most im-portant of these are: numerous surnames deriving from the names of jobs, distinctive structural onimical forms in particular phases of the development of Piotrków inhabitants' anthroponymy, relatively late mod-elling of suffix -ski and -k-, the influence of phonetics, dialectal lexis and probably dialectal word-formation on shaping Piotrków inhabitants' onyms as well the genetic diversity of the 19th and early 20th-century anthroponymy based on Polish and foreign language morphological systems.
EN
Selected assumptions of cognitive methodology were used in various works for anthroponymy analysis. This methodology, which is a research perspective, does not constitute a coherent theory. In order to determine the importance of onyms, the basic theses of the aforementioned methodology, i.e. the thesis of embodied cognition, the thesis of constructing meaning as conceptualization and the thesis of symbolization were applied. Determining the importance of anthroponyms was the basis for this deep analysis with the use of cognitive concepts such as: a symbolic unit or symbolic expression, habituation, a metaphor, and conceptual metonymy, schematization, a conceptual category, a standard version of the category concept, prototype or family similarity theory. This methodological approach allowed the author to study homonymy and anthroponymic polysemy. Cognitivism is a methodology that allows for a more in depth research in the field of onomastics, which has been demonstrated on the basis of anthroponymic analysis.
PL
Celem pracy jest przedstawienie kognitywizmu jako metody interpretacji antroponimów. Wybrane założenia metodologii kognitywnej stosowane były w różnych pracach do analizy antroponimów. Metodologia ta, będąca perspektywą badawczą, nie stanowi spójnej teorii. W celu ustalenia znaczenia onimów zastosowano podstawowe założenia wspomnianej metodologii, tj. tezy o ucieleśnionym poznaniu, o konstruowaniu znaczenia jako konceptualizacji i o symbolizacji. Określenie znaczenia antroponimów było podstawą do ich pogłębionej analizy z zastosowaniem takich pojęć kognitywnych, jak: jednostka symboliczna czy wyrażenie symboliczne, habituacja, metafora i metonimia pojęciowa, schematyzacja, kategoria pojęciowa, wersja standardowa koncepcji kategorii, prototyp czy teoria podobieństwa rodzinnego. Takie podejście metodologiczne pozwoliło m.in. na zbadanie homonimii i polisemii antroponimicznej. Kognitywizm jest metodologią pozwalającą na pogłębienie badań z zakresu onomastyki, co zostało wykazane na podstawie analizy antroponimów.
EN
The anthroponymic material analyzed in this article comes from “The Dictionary of Surnames of Piotrków Trybunalski and its Surroundings Residents in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries” edited by Elżbieta Piotrowicz, Agnieszka Raszewska-Klimas and Lidia Pacan-Bonarek. There are three main groups of anthroponyms among variative forms of surnames such as 1) morphological variants; 2) graphic variants; 3) phonetic variants. Both linguistic and non-linguistic phenomena influenced the use of various forms of the surnames. The anthroponymic variants developed under the influence of cultural factors – a sign of the interpenetration of cultures and different naming systems; historical factors – the reflection of orthography and spelling in the nineteenth century; dialectal factors – the impact of dialectal features belonging to different dialects; and onomastic factors.
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