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EN
The article presents a state of Turkish research and the most common classification systemising tales as a literary genre in Turkish literary studies. The article discusses the most popular theories about the origin of tales. By showing two examples of tales, it provides answers to the following questions: Are Turkish tales different from the European ones? Does religion have impact on folk literature? What are the most popular types of Turkish tales? And how can we describe the main characters in Turkish tales?
PL
The article presents a state of Turkish research and the most common classification systemising tales as a literary genre in Turkish literary studies. The article discusses the most popular theories about the origin of tales. By showing two examples of tales, it provides answers to the following questions: Are Turkish tales different from the European ones? Does religion have impact on folk literature? What are the most popular types of Turkish tales? And how can we describe the main characters in Turkish tales?
EN
This article points to the problem of price risk measured with the level of variation in the prices of cereal raw materials and products from 1996 to 2011. It also determines the condi¬tions influencing the scale of this risk. In the context of the research findings the author of the article attempted to conclude that there is price risk transfer on that market within the con¬secutive links of the chain of cereal production. The occurrence of this phenomenon would be of vital importance in the building of a price risk management strategy and stabilisation of income of the business entities in the cereal sector. The research proved that in the entire sector the price risk in cereals is the highest at the production stage. The cereal processing entities proved the tendency to gradually reduce the share of costs of cereal products in retail prices of food. Further analysis of the results gives grounds for the statement that the process of price transfer in the chain of cereal production goes along with the process of risk transfer in consecutive links of the chain. However, this may be limited to the share of the price of the raw material from a lower link in the price of the product from a higher link of the production chain.
EN
The main target of the study was to assess the financial situation of the food industry sectors in Poland in 2010 using a synthetic meter constructed with TOPSIS method. The analysis was based on unpublished statistical data from the Central Statistical Office. The research showed that the best financial situation characterized the industries that based their activities on animal products processing, secondary processing and manufacturing stimulants. These industries were characterized by the highest level of return on equity and a high use of foreign capital in financing economic activity. The lowest values of the synthetic meter, as well as the weakest financial condition, appeared in sectors whose business was based on crop production, e.g. low-processed products. They were characterized by low profitability and low involvement of foreign capital in financing of activities. In this group there were also difficulties with the settlement of liabilities.
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