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COLDSPOT OF DECELERATED SEA-LEVEL RISE ON THE PACIFIC COAST OF NORTH AMERICA

100%
Parker A.
Quaestiones Geographicae
|
2016
|
vol. 35
|
issue 3
31-37
EN
We show here the presence of significant “coldspot” of sea level rise along the West Coast of the United States and Canada (including Alaska). The 30-years sea level for the area are mostly falling also at subsiding locations as San Francisco and Seattle where subsidence is responsible for a long term positive rate of rise. The 20 long term tide gauges of the area of length exceeding the 60-years length have a naïve average rate of rise –0.729 mm/year in the update 30-Apr-2015, down from –0.624 mm/year in the update 14-Feb-2014. Therefore, along the West Coast of the United Statesand Canada the sea levels are on average falling, and becoming more and more negative.
2
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ANTHROPOGENIC DRIVERS OF RELATIVE SEA-LEVEL RISE IN THE MEKONG DELTA – A REVIEW

100%
Parker A.
Quaestiones Geographicae
|
2020
|
vol. 39
|
issue 1
EN
The Mekong Delta is sinking and shrinking. This is because of the absolute sea-level rise, and because of the subsidence of the land. The absolute sea-level rise originates from the thermal expansion of the ocean waters and the melting of ice on land, plus other factors including changes in winds and ocean circulation patterns. The subsidence originates from the construction of dams in the river basin upstream of the Delta, that has dramatically reduced the flow of water and sediments, and excessive groundwater withdrawal, plus other factors including riverbed mining, infrastructural extension, and urbanization. The origin of alluvial delta created by a continuous supply of water and sediments and the natural subsidence of uncompacted soils is relevant background information to understand the current trends. Another factor affecting the sinking and shrinking include the degradation of the coastal mangrove belt. It is concluded that the subsidence due to the reduced flow of sediments and water, and the withdrawal of groundwater more than the replenishment of aquifers is more than one order of magnitude larger than the absolute sea-level rise estimated by satellite and climate models, or the value estimated from tide gauges, that is much less. The current sinking and shrinking trends are not sustainable, as the low-lying Delta may disappear before the end of this century.
3
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PACIFIC SEA LEVELS RISING VERY SLOWLY AND NOT ACCELERATING

63%
Parker A., Ollier C.
Quaestiones Geographicae
|
2019
|
vol. 38
|
issue 1
179-184
EN
Over the past decades, detailed surveys of the Pacific Ocean atoll islands show no sign of drowning because of accelerated sea-level rise. Data reveal that no atoll lost land area, 88.6% of islands were either stable or increased in area, and only 11.4% of islands contracted. The Pacific Atolls are not being inundated because the sea level is rising much less than was thought. The average relative rate of rise and acceleration of the 29 long-term-trend (LTT) tide gauges of Japan, Oceania and West Coast of North America, are both negative, −0.02139 mm yr−1 and −0.00007 mm yr−2 respectively. Since the start of the 1900s, the sea levels of the Pacific Ocean have been remarkably stable.
4
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ATLANTIC MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION STABLE OVER THE LAST 150 YEARS

63%
Parker A., Ollier C.
Quaestiones Geographicae
|
2019
|
vol. 38
|
issue 3
31-40
EN
The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) describes the northward flow of warm, salty water in the upper layers, and the southward flow of colder water in the deep Atlantic layers. AMOC strength estimates at 41°N latitude based on satellite sea surface height (SSH), and ARGO ocean temperature, salinity and velocity, and finally the difference in between the absolute mean sea levels (MSL) of the tide gauges of The Battery, New York, 40.7°N latitude, and Brest, 48.3°N latitude. Results suggest that the AMOC has been minimally reducing but with a positive acceleration since 2002, has been marginally increasing but with a negative acceleration since 1993, and has not been reducing but only oscillating with clear periodicities up 18 years, 27 years and about 60 years since 1856.
5
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The Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation is not collapsing

63%
Parker A., Ollier C.
Quaestiones Geographicae
|
2021
|
vol. 40
|
issue 3
163-168
EN
Boers (2021) wrote that, in the last century, the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) may have evolved from relatively stable conditions to a point close to a critical transition. The claim is based on different AMOC indices, based on observational sea-surface temperature and salinity data from across the Atlantic Ocean basin. Boers’ conclusions (2021) are not based on systematic observations spanning the last and this century, but on subjective reconstructions of sea surface temperature and salinity, as accurate sea-surface and temperature data are only available over the last few decades. Additionally, the AMOC strength does not only correlate to sea surface temperature and salinity data. His as-sumption that the strength of the AMOC depends on poorly described sea-surface temperature and salinity only is not substantiated. The difficulties of estimating the sea surface temperature (SST) are highlighted in Chan et al. (2019). Even more difficult are the estimations of salinity.
6
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DISCUSSION OF THE “HOTTEST YEAR ON RECORD” IN AUSTRALIA

63%
Parker A., Ollier C. D.
Quaestiones Geographicae
|
2017
|
vol. 36
|
issue 1
79-91
EN
The global temperature trends provided by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology are artificially exaggerated due to subjective and unidirectional adjustments of recorded values. The present paper aims to promote the use of the raw stations’ data corrected only for urban heat island formation. The longer temperature records of Australia exhibit significant oscillations with a strong quasi-60 years’ signature of downward phases 1880 to 1910, 1940 to 1970 and 2000 to present, and upwards phases 1910 to 1940 and 1970 to 2000. A longer oscillation with downward phase until 1910 and an upwards phase afterwards is also detected. The warming since 1910 occurred at a nearly constant rate. Over the full length of the long Australian records since the end of the 1800s, there is no sign of warming or increased occurrence of extreme events. The monthly highest and mean maximum temperatures do not exhibit any positive trend. The differences between monthly highest and lowest, or monthly mean maximum and mean minimum temperatures, are all reducing because of urban heat island formation.
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