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Zmiany jakościowe w światowym systemie żywnościowym

100%
Dybowski G.
Przegląd Zachodni
|
2018
|
issue 1(366)
131-146
EN
The article is aimed at identification of quality changes in global food system evoked by structural changes to the world economy. The basic and simultaneously the primary goal of the world food system should be assuring proper nutrition for the global population. This is understood as delivery of not only adequate energy and protein, but also a diet balanced from the viewpoint of nutrients which guarantee proper physical and mental development. Despite the big progress achieved, still over 815 million people are hungry and more than 30 per cent of the world population face malnutrition or have improper diet. The increase of the global population and incomes, especially in developing countries, will create additional demand for food followed by changes in the previous diet. This will be accompanied by a limited access of agriculture to natural resources and by adverse climate changes. Structural changes in the world economy have a strong impact on the global food system. In the past, transition from agriculture-based economy to industry and then service-based economy was supported by the industrialization process. In the coming decades the potential of industrialization will be much weaker whereas the pace of urbanization will exceed the dynamic of growth in industry and service sectors. Quality changes in the world food system will call for transformation of both agriculture and rural areas and creation of new urban-rural relationships. A new, territorial approach towards food system, will support inclusive development of cities and their rural environment as well as sustainable economy on these areas. The method of indirect observations was used in the analysis which was based on relevant information gathered earlier by competent institutions. Data bases of the FAO, the Human Development Programme and the World Food Programme were analysed.
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ECONOMIC RELATIONS IN EUROPEAN FOOD CHAINS (Relacje ekonomiczne w europejskich lancuchach zywnosciowych)

63%
Dybowski G., Kobuszynska M.
Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej
|
2009
|
issue 1(318)
38-56
EN
The study presents an analysis of factors influencing the selection, strengthening and consolidation of good economic relations in the European food chains. Four basic types of economic relations have been established, taking the form of transactions and type of management as the main criteria. These include: spot markets, repeated market transactions with the same supplier-recipient, formal written contracts and financial participation. Empirical material has been gathered in the form of questionnaires in 13 European food chains located in 6 EU Member States: Germany, Ireland, Great Britain, Finland, Spain and Poland. Among the examined States, formal relations are most common in Finland and Spain; least common: between farmers processing plants in Ireland. Among the examined food chains most formalised relations are in the beer chain (mainly between processing plants and retail sellers) and pork chain (farmer-processing plant). Chains involving bakery and beef show significantly lower level of formalised relations. The results of the study indicate that the main factors determining the quality of relations between the participants of examined food chains cover: good communication, personal connections and even distribution of competitive power between business partners of the chain. Also the dependence of quality and sustainability of economic relations on the type of product, country and location of the partners in the chain (level) has been identified. No significant dependence of the nature of economic relations against the type of business connection and level of their formalisation has been identified.
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