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Psychometric properties of Attentional Control Scale: The preliminary study on a Polish sample

100%
Fajkowska M., Derryberry D.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2010
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vol. 41
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issue 1
1-7
EN
The presented study was focused primarily on a psychometric analysis of the Attentional Control Scale (ACS), but they also enhanced the understanding of the role of effortful attentional skills in determining the individual well-being, general adaptation or emotional disorders. The analyses included basic item and scale descriptions as well as convergent and discriminant validity. 218 Polish undergraduate students completed the battery of the self-report techniques and two paper - pencil attentional tests. Data revealed a unidimensional of a 20-item ACS. It can be used validly to assess long-term individual differences in attentional skills related to the voluntary executive functions. The analysis of content, internal and construct validity as well as reliability provided evidence of the scale's significant convergent and discriminant validity when correlated with attentional tests and other personality techniques. We found strong, systematic relations between the attentional control and selected measures of temperament, arousal, emotionality, and motivation. The results allow assuming that good attentional control, may protect individuals from the emotional disorders by regulating perceptual, conceptual, and response processing.
2

Personality and Cognitive Performance

100%
Fajkowska M., Eysenck M. W.
Polish Psychological Bulletin
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2008
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vol. 39
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issue 4
178-191
EN
The two experiments reported here are concerned with the influence of trait anxiety and other individual differences on cognitive performance using the face-in-the-crowd procedure. Participants completed questionnaires (EPQ-R; STAI; Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale) and across two experiments searched for discrepant faces in matrices of otherwise identical faces (in Experiment 1: threatening, happy, neutral targets against emotional or neutral backgrounds, and in Experiment 2: threatening, happy, sad and scheming targets against neutral distractors). The key findings from this study indicated that anxiety enhanced processing efficiency of positive emotional material when interacts with high psychoticism. Additionally, the vigilance for threatening and neutral faces was a characteristic of sanguine individuals with repressive coping while inefficient processing of threatening and neutral stimuli of non-defensive melancholic subjects. These results are discussed with reference to attentional control theory (Eysenck, Derakshan, Santos, & Calvo, 2007).
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