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Koncepcja smart specialisation w polityce ekonomicznej Unii Europejskiej

100%
Pilarska C.
Studia Europejskie-Studies in European Affairs
|
2014
|
issue 4
s.59-82
EN
Stimulation of innovation and entrepreneurship is one of the main objectives of the ongoing European Union policy. This priority has been considered in long-term community development program for the coming years entitled “Europe 2020. A strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive”, acting in the designated objectives continued failure of the Lisbon strategy. This time, however, to get the desired effect in terms of increasing the innovation capacity of the Member States and the regions located within the EU, it was decided to use different instruments. Particular importance in this respect is assigned to the new instruments of economic policy, including the concept of smart specialization, which is the subject of consideration in this article.
2
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State failure in the context of the operations of transnational corporations

100%
Pilarska C.
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
|
2020
|
issue vol. 64, nr 10
88-106
EN
The main purpose of the paper is to discuss issues related to the failure of the state in the context of selected areas of operation of transnational corporations (TNCs). The analysis presented in the paper showed that the state turs out to be ineffective with reference to transnational corporations in many areas of their operation (e.g. tax avoidance by TNCs, the use of their monopolistic position, their negative impact on the natural environment as well as economic sensitivity). The sustainable growth of the global economy requires actions not only in each country but also by international organisations and integrating groupings that could work out certain rules concerning compliance with tax regulations by TNCs and also more effective control over the business of those entities, including control over capital flows on a global scale. The problems discussed in the paper contribute to the main stream of research concerning the role of the state in market economy and the limited effectiveness of the state in exercising control over the operations of transnational corporations.
PL
Głównym celem artykułu jest omówienie kwestii związanych z zawodnością państwa w kontekście wybranych obszarów działalności korporacji transnarodowych (KTN). Przeprowadzona analiza wykazała, że państwo w odniesieniu do korporacji transnarodowych okazuje się nieefektywne w wielu obszarach ich działalności (np. unikanie opodatkowania przez KTN, wykorzystywanie pozycji monopolistycznej przez te przedsiębiorstwa, ich negatywny wpływ na środowisko naturalne, a także ekonomiczna wrażliwość). Zrównoważony rozwój gospodarki światowej wymaga podjęcia działań na szczeblu nie tylko poszczególnych krajów, ale także organizacji międzynarodowych i ugrupowań integracyjnych, które mogłyby wypracować określone zasady dotyczące nie tylko przestrzegania prawa podatkowego przez KTN, ale także uzyskania większej kontroli nad działalnością tych podmiotów, w tym kontroli na przepływami kapitału w skali globalnej. Dyskutowane w artykule problemy włączają się w nurt badawczy dotyczący roli państwa w gospodarce rynkowej oraz ograniczonej efektywności tego podmiotu w zakresie sprawowania kontroli nad działalnością korporacji transnarodowych.
3

Born Globals in Poland: Development Factors and Research Overview

63%
Pilarska C., Wałęga G.
Argumenta Oeconomica Cracoviensia
|
2020
|
issue 1(22)
59-72
EN
Objective: This paper investigates the concept of the born global, indicates the main attributes and sources of success for enterprises that internationalised early, and demonstrates the scale of the born global phenomenon in Poland. Research Design & Methods: A review of empirical studies is the research method used in the paper. Secondary data from research studies is collected. The article outlines the theoretical background of born globals. A brief overview of the existing research (since 2004) is also provided. The results are compiled to demonstrate the scale of the born global phenomenon in Poland. Findings: A review of quantitative research indicates that the percentage of born globals in Poland can be estimated at 30–50% of all SMEs which are engaged in international activities. Polish managers have the necessary knowledge and traits for early internationalisation; the primary factors limiting the development of born global are limited financial and organisational resources. Implications/Recommendations: The existing quantitative analyses of born globals do not sufficiently enable the factors that constitute the main barriers to the development of this sector in Poland to be identified. There is still a room to plan the appropriate support policies for SMEs on international markets. Contribution: This paper addresses mainstream research on born globals, which are part of broader trends in the modern economy. This new generation of small and medium-sized enterprises, just as economic globalisation, the opening of markets and acceleration in the field of ICT development, is particularly relevant to both developing countries and middle-income economies such as Poland.
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