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Koncepcja zła w myśli Williama Jamesa

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EN
Evil is the phenomenon which has constantly fascinated, seduced and appalled the human being. It seems to be well known and explicit, yet its nature remains inscrutable and hidden. To paraphrase St. Augustin, one can say: ‘What is evil? When nobody asks me about that, I know. But when I try to explain it to the person who asks, I don’t know’. This paper attempts to illustrate William James’s concept of evil.
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(Nie)wolna wola

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Logos i Ethos
|
2022
|
vol. 59
|
issue 1
213-232
EN
The author discusses the question of human free will, which seems incredibly these days. As the posthumanist trends have declared the death of the subject, the issue has been also put in question. The questions posed in the article are: is freedom a category to define humanity today and does it serve as a basis of all kinds of relations (moral, legal, economic, social ones, etc.) or, maybe, has the time come to announce the reign of unfree will? To find some answers to those questions, the author studies how we lost the control of the will and answers the question of why the will has been enslaved and what its relation to the power of thinking means for a human being.
PL
Autorka podejmuje ważną dziś kwestię wolności ludzkiej woli, która wraz z ogłoszeniem przez nurty posthumanistyczne śmierci podmiotu została zakwestionowana. W tekście są postawione pytania: czy dziś wolność nadal jest kategorią definiującą człowieczeństwo i stanowi podstawę wszelkiego rodzaju relacji (moralnych, prawnych, ekonomicznych, społecznych itp.)? Czy może czas obwieścić panowanie królestwa niewolnej woli? W poszukiwaniu odpowiedzi autorka przygląda się temu, jak utraciliśmy władzę woli i odpowiada na pytanie, dlaczego wola została zniewolona oraz jaką rolę w tym procesie odegrało odrzucenie klasycznych zasad racjonalnego myślenia.
EN
Is love characteristic only of homo sapiens? Is it only man that can love and be loved? Or has there come the time of the Cyberman – an artificial life partner to have sex with, to love and to marry? The attempt of answer to these questions is based on data collected within exact sciences and humanities, and in particular on the idea of a post-biological man of  transhumanism.
4
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On anxiety – a few thoughts

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PL
The article constitutes a voice in the interdisciplinary discussion on anxiety. The phenomenon of anxiety is illustrated through three research fields: medical (psychiatric) discourse, theological discourse and philosophical discourse. The ambition of the author is to outline how philosophy serves to complement the research problem, referring to sources of anxiety in the modern man as well as possible ways out of the situations dominated by anxiety.
EN
What does human ability to take decisions depend on? Reason or passions? What mechanism governs the process of shaping our beliefs? Why do we consider a given opinion credible? All these questions are familiar to anyone who even once pondered on the phenomenon of human freedom – a phenomenon whose existence is commonly believed to be obvious. The article is yet another attempt to address the above questions. The presented reflections will be set against the background of the thought of William James.
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