The article presents the findings of research carried out in Palestine with the use of the tools of visual anthropology. The analysis demonstrates the potential of the application of the concepts of “the third generation” and “post-memory” to describe the experience of young Palestinian women. The argument focuses upon the strategies resorted to by women who, in the course of the study, agreed to present the key values that they profess, and consented to share them publicly in the form of a photo-interview. Their narratives are presented in the context of the reinterpretation of the events of the Nakba.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia wyniki badań wykonanych z użyciem antropologii wizualnej w Palestynie. Analiza prezentuje możliwość wykorzystania kategorii trzeciego pokolenia oraz post-pamięci do doświadczeń młodych kobiet palestyńskich. Ze względu na ograniczone ramy artykułu przedstawione są strategie kobiet, które zaprezentowały w czasie badań swoje kluczowe wartości i zgodziły się na ten temat opowiedzieć za pomocą fotowywiadu. Ich narracje są odnoszone do reinterpretacji wydarzenia Nakby.
The article is an analyze of non-heteronormative female teachers experience of their work place. It shows both their personal experience of exclusion (or inclusion) and understanding of that experience. Results are based on qualitative research (life-history interviews) with 8 teachers, analyze of internet phorum and also comparison with other European and American data. There are not a lot of research about such topic, not just in Poland but also in other countries, most of the European articles on this topic is based on qualitative research with few teachers. Results of such research should be presented and also should be an inspiration to other wider analyzes. Results of the research show that the majority of responders has never came out in their work place. They were afraid of discrimination and homophobia. The fear which was the reason of keeping in secret the information about sexual orientation was presented mainly among the teachers who were working in villages and small towns. Just on of my responders hasn’t ever heard any homophobic jokes or comments in her workplace. A lot of teachers indicated that ‘being in the closet’ is not comfortable for them because they have to hide a lot of information connected with their daily life and it separates them from the group of collegues. Most of them have founf one or two collegues and told them about their secret. Most of nonheteronormative teachers have good relations with pupils and these teachers connect their open attitude toward pupils problems with their personal experience of exclusion.
The article presents an interdisciplinary analysis of possible object’s usage in psychotherapy of adults. It is also focused on the meaning of the area where psychotherapy takes place. The text presents multidimensional view on psychotherapy, which is understood not just as psychological but also sociocultural phenomenon. The article indicates also a “turn toward the thing” in contemporary humanistic and social studies. Material base of psychotherapy is very important in establishing (crucial for positive impact of psychotherapy) good enough therapeutic relation. Theoretical reflections which bind cultural studies and psychological perspective are crowned by case study of family therapy in which objects and place of therapy were important elements of therapeutic process.
The article presents the reality of Palestinian pupils living in Israel. In the first part of the article I present geo-political situation of that area. I also show how educational system is influenced by military conflict situation. I indicate the areas of exclusion and system strategies of non-equal treating Palestinian minority, however I also show some positive signs of exclusion patterns’ transgression (in multicultural schools with special programs). The most important issues connected with Palestinian students education are presented according to area of linguistic subjects and the strategies of cultural disinheritance.
The article presents an analysis of Dariusz Oko’s articles about the homosexual minority and people who are gender studies’ scholars or supporters. It shows metaphors and comparisons as tools of creating identity and ideological discourse. Narration is analyzed according to Critical Discourse Analysis tools. I present the re-scalation mechanism and compare Dariusz Oko’s rhetorical tools against envious prejudice.
The article presents such topics as: presence and absence of pupils body in Polish educational practice. Michel Foucault works and especially “biopower” and discipline concept is a theoretical background of the text. Michel Foucault didn’t analyze system of education in a wide sense; however a lot of his ideas were illustrated by educational examples (connected with mechanisms presented in military secondary schools or Jesuits’ boarding schools). This text presents different educational context. It is focused on young people (under the age of 35) memories connected with their own educational background in Poland, in non-religious public schools (3 of responders were pupils of sport-schools). The article presents results of the quantitative survey (in a group of 101 people). Survey contained open and closed questions focused on: presence of “body” as a topic of classes, attitude toward body of the pupil, mechanisms of shaping pupil’s body and connection between them and ideas of the “class order”. Article presents retrospective graduated pupils point of view on their school experiences connected with direct and indirect strategies of shaping pupils’ body in such context as space and time of education.
This article presents mortality as a topic of Ignacy Karpowicz’s texts. Karpowicz multiplies the possible ways of understanding mortality (both at the formal and textual level). The analysis of the theme of mortality in Ignacy Karpowicz’s works is connected with reflection on topics such as routine or repeatability. The author is also interested in the status of reality. The main aim of the article is to analyze the ways in which Ignacy Karpowicz uses different categories which are ambivalent and connectedwith both mortality and life.
The article is an analyse of two main strategies which are adopted byfeminist and lesbian activists who reinterpret Jewish tradition and ritual. The textshows that lesbians are excluded in both orthodox (conservative) Jewish communityand also in liberal movement. I try to present a deep picture of the excluded groupsituation. However at the same time I present also how lesbian activists reconfigureor reject oppressive patterns and propose their own emancipatory theological ideas.The key question of the text is: if the changes which are presented by feminist andlesbian theology are adopted in different Jewish communities and if they may changethe core of Judaism.
PL
Artykuł stanowi analizę dwóch strategii podejmowanych przez feministyczne i lesbijskie działaczki, dokonujące próby reinterpretacji odczytań tradycji i rytuału judaistycznego. Tekst wykazuje podwójne wykluczenie, jakiego doświadczają lesbijki, zarówno w tradycyjnych, jak i zreformowanych gminach żydowskich. Przedstawiając analizę tego zjawiska, ukazuje zarazem, w jaki sposób wzorce wykluczenia są przekształcane i/lub odrzucane przez zwolenniczki teologii emancypacyjnej. Kluczowe jest jednak pytanie, na ile zmiany te stanowią rzeczywistą rewolucję, na ile mogą zmienić główny nurt judaizmu.
The article presents the main issues connected with visual anthropology application in research studies carried out in non-European environment. The text is based on author’s research of the Palestinian society. The main topic of the research was connected with the understanding of safety and danger among Palestinian women. The article presents problems, challenges, and chances of using photo-interviews according to the postcolonial and intersectional contexts in social research.
The text is an interpretation of three photography projects made by Terry Richardson, Melanie Manchot and Evergon Lunt. Actually the topic of analyze is a relation between the parent and adult child, who is at the same time an artist. All of the photographers asked their mothers to take part in their projects concerning nakedness. This transgression of cultural taboo seems to be an important sign and also identity question. The article is based on ideas of Michel de Certeau and Paul Ricoeur, who points relations between closeness and alienation. The artists construct, de-construct and re-construct the history of family, the rules of family life and also they query the role of individual human being in a society. The term “tactic”is used here in a Michel de Certeau way of understanding this word. It means that tactic is an individual form of using already existing institutions, traditions or practices in a more personal or communal sense. Artistic practices are ways of parasitizing on main-stream culture strategies or psychological/psychoanalytical mechanisms. Tactics are like games, however game is not just postmodern play but also an area of discussing problems of relations between objectivity, freedom and attitude toward mother as the other, very specific other- the other who has been already in a very specific symbiotic relation with her child.
PL
Tekst stanowi analizę projektów fotograficznych trzech artystów: Terry’ego Richardsona, Melanie Manchot oraz Evergona Lunta. Szczegółowym tematem interpretacji jest relacja pomiędzy dorosłym dzieckiem a rodzicem wyrażana we współpracy w tworzeniu projektów fotograficznych, w których występuje nagość. To przekroczenie kulturowego tabu staje się ważnym gestem, będącym zarazem tożsamościowym pytaniem. Artykuł odwołuje się do koncepcji Michela de Certeau oraz Paula Ricouera, wskazując na relacje pomiędzy tożsamością a obcością oraz konstrukcją i re-konstrukcją rodzinnej historii oraz roli jednostki w społeczności. Taktyki, użyte tu są w rozumieniu Michela de Certeau, który wskazuje, że są to indywidualne sposoby użycia zastanych instytucji kulturowych, które zmieniają ich znaczenie, tak że stają się one bardziej spersonalizowane. W artykule przedstawione są zarówno taktyki, które w swoisty sposób „pasożytują” na strategiach kultury wysokiej, ale także na mechanizmach psychologicznych czy psychoanalitycznych. Gra nie jest tutaj jedynie postmodernistyczną „zabawą”, ale stanowi niezwykle istotną przestrzeń rozważań nad podmiotowością i relacją wolności/ swoistości do obcości, inności, wyrażanej w zupełnie niepowtarzalnej relacji pomiędzy dwiema osobami, które niegdyś występowały jako symbiotyczna jedność.
The aim of this article is, firstly, to present the methodological framework of the ‘mindful’ scientific discourse on miscarriage, and secondly, to juxtapose two extreme types of discourse on miscarriage that are responsible for its social perception and the perception of people who experience it. The authors offer an arbitrary choice of articles complying most closely with Steven Stanley’s mindfulness-based principles, and elements of Critical Discourse Analysis (accordingly selected for their consistency with the concept of mindfulness) to highlight the features of the discourse of categorisation and the discourse of mindfulness. Alongside these two extremes, there is a variety of scientific texts that don’t reveal clear characteristics of either of the discourse types. Seeking to establish how people who experienced a miscarriage may react to the discourse of categorisation, the authors conducted a study on a small group of respondents, asking them just one question: ‘In some scientific texts, miscarriage is referred to as reproductive failure or failed parenting. How do you perceive these phrases? How do they relate to your experience?’.
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