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PL
This study revisits Russian loanwords in the third edition of the Oxford English Dictionary (henceforth, OED3) in order to discuss their lexicographic treatment, including the quality of etymological references. Arguments behind the choice of this dictionary are clear-cut: not only is OED3 the most exhaustive dictionary of English, but it also offers the fullest etymological analysis of the whole of the lexis of English available anywhere. Space restrictions preclude the inclusion in the dictionary every word of Russian origin in English texts. In the past, lexical items had to occur in at least five different sources to ensure inclusion, whereas the frequency necessary to include a word into OED3 today is reckoned in hundreds or even thousands.
EN
In the literature on foreign language teaching Franciszek Kuszel appears sporadically as the author of a Polish-English phrasebook entitled Rozmowy podręczne dla podróżujących do Londynu Polaków nieumiejących zupełnie Języka Angielskiego (1857). There are also other extant materials: “Książka Podręczna do Uczenia się Języka Angielskiego dla Uczniów Szkoły Główney w Warszawie” [1864], written for English instruction at the Szkoła Główna Warszawska and reproduced by means of the lithographic method, and “Dziennik czynności osobistych od dnia 25 września 1834”, a manuscript source of biographical information. This article has two main purposes: to sketch the biography of the author and take his textbook under a scrutiny.
PL
W literaturze glottodydaktycznej Franciszek Kuszel pojawia się sporadycznie jako autor rozmówek polsko-angielskich pt. Rozmowy podręczne dla podróżujących do Londynu Polaków nieumiejących zupełnie Języka Angielskiego (1857). Pozostawił po sobie także inne materiały: „Książkę Podręczną do Uczenia się Języka Angielskiego dla Uczniów Szkoły Główney w Warszawie” [1864] napisaną na potrzeby lektoratu angielskiego w Szkole Głównej Warszawskiej i powieloną metodą litograficzną, a także „Dziennik czynności osobistych od dnia 25 września 1834” – rękopiśmienne źródło informacji biograficznych. Artykuł stawia sobie dwa podstawowe cele: nakreślić biografię autora oraz dokonać analizy jego podręcznika.
PL
This paper aims to provide a survey of the early polyglot dictionaries which paired Polish with English, based on the premise that the polyglots can be considered as predecessors of bilingual dictionaries proper. Following this rationale, the authoress examines chronologically the first three of the multilingual endeavours: Ambrogio Calepino’s Dictionarium undecim linguarum … (1590), Hieronymus Megiser’s Thesaurus polyglottus: vel, dictionarium multilingue … (1603), and Georg Henisch’s Teütsche Sprach und Weissheit. Thesaurus linguae and sapientiae Germanicae … (1616). The focus is primarily on the linguistic material of the polyglots, but the assumed aims and readership are also tackled briefly. As bilingual wordbooks have traditionally catered to the needs of users of one or both of the respective languages, the polyglot dictionaries are additionally looked at from the perspective of Polish-English language contact in the sixteenth, seventeenth, and eighteenth centuries.
PL
The present paper is the second of two papers investigating polyglot dictionaries which comprised Polish and English wordlists. It rests on the assumption that, by providing the earliest documentation material for Polish and English respectively, the polyglots can be regarded as historical antecedents of bilingual dictionaries. While the first paper focused on three Renaissance works of reference, including Calepino’s eleven-language edition, this one concentrates on two relatively little known endeavours of the Enlightenment: Christoph Warmer’s Gazophylacium decem linguarum Europaearum … (1691) and Peter Simon Pallas’ Linguarum totius orbis vocabularia comparativa … (1787–1789). The bilingual material they embrace has been analysed and illustrated with examples in order to shed new light on the two polyglots, which are additionally traced back to their sources.
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