The problem of military is counted among popular topics in research on the Roman Period. That is why the authors of this paper decided to make a revision of the finds from the territory of East Bohemia (Hradec Králové and Pardubice Regions; Fig. 1). One of the objectives of this study is the analysis and evaluation of available material in Central European context. On the basis of available knowledge we will try to distinguish individual horizons of the occurrence of military and interpret them in more detail. The focal point of our interest will be mainly a collection of weapons from the cemetery at Plotiště nad Labem, which comprises the most part of artefacts with well-defined find contexts (Rybová 1979; 1980).
This paper refers to three hoards of metal objects. Recent one from Rosovice and two older (but originally incorrectly dated) from Lety near Dobřichovice and Benátky nad Jizerou in central Bohemia region. The analysis confirmed that all three hoards were buried during 3rd – 4th century AD. The paper also includes the results of the archeometalurgical analysis of scythes found in Rosovice and description of making functional replicas.
The cremation burial from Pustiměř in Vyškov region was discovered in 2012 with a metal detector and thus, unfortunately, it was partly primarily disturbed. Based on offerings as well as the available anthropological analysis, the grave can be hypothetically identified as female. The burial can be dated – based on grave goods – to stage B2b-transitional stage B2/C1. The numerous grave goods contained artefacts of barbarian provenance as well as fragments of Roman bronze vessels (barrel-shaped bucket, dippers).
A silver shield-head bracelet and a silver eastern-type spring-cover fibula were found in Otaslavice through metal detector survey. Both artefacts are closely related to finds attributed to the Wielbark culture. Their dating conforms of phase B2a or the second third of the 2nd c., respectively.
In 2021, a functionally undetermined ring and a deformed upright of a Roman lantern were discovered with the help of a metal detector on the slope of the Hušák hill in the cadastral district of Lázy (district Svitavy). Both objects exhibit a similar metal composition. This is the second published find of a part of a Roman lantern from the territory of the Czech Republic and from the Barbaricum in general. The question remains whether the presence of a Roman lantern is related to the evidenced military intervention in the form of a Roman temporary military camp at the nearby town of Jevíčko, and whether the deposition on the slope of a prominent landmark was connected with ritual activities, or with metalworking, or with both.
Metal detector survey of the slopes of a salient hill has yielded two brooches of Roman origin, torso of a provincial Roman annular brooch with openwork frame and a strongly profiled brooch type A 70/73f. Objects associated with distinct landmarks can be interpreted as offerings, but this phenomenon of the Roman Period has not yet been paid much attention to in Central Europe.
A collection of Roman Period metal objects was acquired with the help of a metal detector survey in the vicinity of Přelouč. The artefacts were handed over to the City Museum in Přelouč. Of special impor tance among this collection is a Roman gilt finger ring made from a copper alloy, dated back to the 2nd–3rd centuries AD, and a pyriform balsamarium of the type Bienert 102/103. The collection is dominated by brooches, which can be dated from the end of the 1st century until the 4th century. Most of them belong to the Late or Final Roman Iron Age. This might indicate that the settlement reached its peak within this time period.
The study deals with an assemblage of four bronze vessels from the collection of Chancellor K. Metternich, currently stored in the depository of movable heritage assets of the Kynžvart State Castle. They represent an evidence of early Roman imperial toreutics from the region of Pompeii. We present an artefactual and iconographic analysis of the vessels, their elemental composition, the story of their acquisition, the collecting context of the 19th century, including the environment of Neapolitan heritage preservation.
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