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Perspektivy globálního vládnutí v otázce obrany planety před asteroidy

100%

Schmidt N.

Politologická revue (Czech Political Science Review)

2017

issue 1

161-195

The article analyses perspectives on global governance of planetary defence against asteroids under the circumstances of its current conceivable technological solution, namely the relation between technological requirements for such a project and four ideal global governance models. The author first analyses the principles of orbital mechanics and technological solutions of asteroid deflection; he argues that we do not have much chance of dealing with the asteroid threat without the authority of democratic cosmopolitan character responsible for technological development and in-space asteroid deflection infrastructure operation. The topic is studied prevalently on the theoretical level; however, the analysis is also supported by current dynamics and dilemmas of international cooperation of national space agencies and other actors. The article concludes that the discussion of the fundamental threat of asteroid collision with Earth has the potential to stimulate the emergence of an internationally respected cosmopolitan authority focused on particular global threats – it may have a constitutive effect on the emergence of international organizations or other political entities or regimes. This can have an impact on the current international system of nation states in the so-called semicosmopolitan model as the authority has higher chances to emerge in territories not under control of states – in the outer space. We talk about an environment in which any solutions related to security threats are solvable only in the setting of perfect cooperation. The article argues that to avoid anarchy, the current development of commercial space infrastructure will need a solid regime with global overseeing authority without erratic national governments. Finally, the strategic interests of nation states to participate and avoid exclusion from the elite club will slowly push them to support the semi-cosmopolitan model as it is the only way how to avoid hegemonic government of one powerful nation state.

Výzvy pro národní politiku obrany planety a těžby asteroidů

39%

Schmidt N., Boháček P., Švec M., Borovička J., Pravec P., Spurný P.

Politologická revue (Czech Political Science Review)

2019

issue 2

65-99

The following paper examines planetary defense from the perspective of astronomy, which describe scientifically the global nature of the asteroid threat through direct sky observations, technology, which offers concrete solutions of asteroid deflections, international law, which studies within what legal frames planetary defense and asteroid mining is a feasible effort, and finally political science that explores the normative perception of the whole planetary defense endeavor. The aim of this article is to describe the dynamic between an overtly positivist threat formulation and normative implications of different ways of addressing the threat. Beside planetary defense efforts, it is crucial to focus on industrial capacities useful for asteroid mining because that would lead to a loud voice on international level in discussing future space mining regime. From the theoretical point of view, the topics are interlinked via the cosmopolitan theory of international politics and Welsh School of Critical Security Studies. All these theoretical perspectives accentuate positive security, therefore, potential scientific and industrial capacities of the Czech Republic in the field of asteroid mining and planetary defense are portrayed as humanistic and globally responsible solutions to the asteroid threat. Finally, we argue that proper identification of local research and industrial capacities are not necessarily only useful for scientific and economical interests of a small state but can be used as a foreign policy leverage to prevent super power from usurping the global debate.

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2 Politologická revue (Czech Political Science Review)

2 Schmidt N.

1 Boháček P.

1 Borovička J.

1 Pravec P.

1 Spurný P.

1 Švec M.

1 2019

1 2017

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Perspektivy globálního vládnutí v otázce obrany planety před asteroidy

Výzvy pro národní politiku obrany planety a těžby asteroidů