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Zeszyty Prawnicze
|
2016
|
vol. 16
|
issue 2
85-101
PL
Rules Governing the Obligation to Bear maintenance Costs for jointly owned Property in the Context of the Contents and Axiology of the Polish Ownership of Premises Act in the Light of Jurisdiction and Legal Doctrine Summary The subject of this article is the differentiation of the rules that govern joint owners’ obligation to bear maintenance costs for a jointly owned property. I examine this issue in the light of the wording and axiology of the Polish Ownership of Premises Act (Ustawa o własności lokali). My starting point is the provision which says that joint owners bear the costs of maintaining a jointly owned property in proportion to their share in the ownership. Next I describe two issues that concern the aforementioned provision which often crop up in practice and are controversial. The first is the admissibility of the resolution that determines different amounts due in advance payments from different owners on the grounds of the category of the premises or parts (e.g. a basement or an attic) each of them holds. The second concerns the admissibility of a co-owner formulating a request for such a resolution. I answer these questions on the grounds of the aforementioned provision and present the legal consequences of a practice which is in breach of this regulation. I go on to comment on the axiological grounds for the differentiation or non-differentiation in advance payments due from respective co-owners. I conclude by giving my opinion on the question whether the provision should reflect the practice and consequently should be amended, or alternatively whether the practice should be corrected in accordance with the existing provision.
EN
When you use the concept of “sustainable development” or “security” in reference to spatial planning there is a risk of treating the values they represent in terms of generalities. It is necessary to make these concepts more specific in order to identify the values encoded in them. This results in the specification of conflicts among the values that should be protected by the spatial development plan and forces the choice of an instrument for resolving them. The abovementioned instrument is the rule of proportionality. The next step is to implement a model of management of the space in the spatial development plan. In the discussed case it is process management. The spatial development plan has to be specific, has to fulfil legal conditions for the legal act and – the most difficult – must prove that the quality criteria are fulfilled and that it is complete, involving all values that it should protect and respecting the relations among them.
PL
Kiedy w odniesieniu do planowania przestrzennego mowa o „zrównoważonym rozwoju” czy „bezpieczeństwie”, istnieje ryzyko bardzo ogólnikowego traktowania wartości, które reprezentują. Potrzebne jest skonkretyzowanie tych pojęć, aby w kolejnym kroku zidentyfikować wartości w nich zakodowane. To prowadzi do oznaczenia konfliktów pomiędzy wartościami, które ma chronić plan, oraz zmusza do dokonania wyboru mechanizmu ich rozstrzygania. Takim mechanizmem jest zasada proporcjonalności. Następnym krokiem jest przyjęcie określonego modelu zarządzania danym terenem, inkorporowanego w miejscowym planie zagospodarowania przestrzennego. W omawianym przypadku jest to zarządzanie procesowe. Miejscowy plan musi być konkretny, musi spełniać wymogi prawne stawiane aktom prawa, a co najtrudniejsze, swoją treścią musi dowodzić, że kryteria jego jakości zostały spełnione oraz że jest kompletny: uwzględnia wszystkie wartości, które ma chronić, i odpowiednio porządkuje relacje między nimi.
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