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EN
The article describes the state of affairs in Andrychów immediately after liberation by the Red Army, mentioning industrial reconstruction and organization of new municipal government. It covers the topic of presenting a banner for the 6th Pomeranian Infantry Division and attempts to analyze the profiles of the participants of the ceremony. The history of the 6th Division and traces of its presence in Wadowice is also briefly described.
PL
W artykule została przedstawiona sytuacja w Andrychowie bezpośrednio po zajęciu miasta przez Armię Czerwoną. Autor opisał organizację lokalnej władzy i odbudowę infrastruktury przemysłowej w pierwszych miesiącach po zakończeniu wojny. Przedstawił historię sztandaru 6. Pomorskiej Dywizji Piechoty, uroczystość jego nadania oraz podjął próbę identyfikacji fundatorów sztandaru i uczestników uroczystości jego nadania. Opisana została także krótko historia samej Dywizji i jej obecności w Wadowicach.
EN
Before the factory „The First Galician Mechanical Weaving Plant for the cotton products of the Czeczowiczka Brothers” was build, Andrychów was famous for its peasant weaving handicraft. The first known record about Andrychów weavers comes from the end of the 16th century. The peak period in the development of Andrychów weaving was the eighteenth century, while in the second half of the nineteenth century, cotton that appeared on the market, replaced the locally grown raw material, which was flax. Moreover, weavers had to contend with competing products of industrial production. This caused the gradual decline of Andrychów weaving. The Czeczowiczka Brothers brought rescue. Their proposal to build a mechanical weaving mill in Andrychów was eagerly picked up by the City Council, offering a lot of material assistance. The Czeczowiczka brothers registered the company in May 1907 and obtained a building permit in July. The construction of the factory was fast, because the weaving mill was launched in the spring of 1908. Many dignitaries from Lviv and Vienna attended the official opening ceremony, including count Badeni, the Galician national marshal. The celebrations were mentioned in many Galician newspapers. At the beginning of the 20th century, Galicia, compared to the Prussian and Russian partitions, was poorly industrialized. The construction of a large factory in the provincial Andrychów at that time was important for the entire region. The factory of the Czeczowiczka Brothers from the very beginning until the end of the 20th century was a source of income for thousands of inhabitants, and also played an important role in creating a city.
EN
During the World War I, Andrychow was near the front-line zone and no military operations were conducted here. Nevertheless, the inhabitants suffered from many inconvenience: there was a shortage of food and fuel, in factories (including Czechowiczka Brothers Factory) there were no hands to work, the schools did not function periodically (from September 1914 to August 1915 there was a hospital for infectious patients in the school building). The City Council tried to solve the problems of food supply, watching at the same time the situation on the war fronts, as well as the changes taking place in Austro-Hungary. The difficult war time situation did not affect the patriotic attitude of the inhabitants, who joined the Polish Legions in large numbers. At the beginning of 1915, legionaries who were going to rest in Kęty, were taken with a big enthusiasm in Andrychów. In 1917, a celebratory unveiling of Polish Legion Shield was made in the city. This initiative was aimed at fundraising for legionaries and their families. On the 29.10.1918 four soldiers of the Legions: Józef Herzog, Adam Myjak, Władysław Pająk and Tomasz Płonka disarmed the Austro-Hungarian military police station in Andrychów. The city was within the borders of the reborn Polish state. The soldiers from Andrychów, who fought both in the Austro-Hungarian army and in the Polish Legions, had a lot of merit in it.
PL
Podczas I wojny światowej Andrychów znajdował w pobliży strefy przyfrontowej i nie prowadzono tu żadnych operacji wojskowych. Niemniej jednak mieszkańcy cierpieli z powodu wielu niedogodności: brakowało żywności, rąk do pracy (m.in. w fabryce braci Czeczowiczka), nie funkcjonowały szkoły (w okresie od września 1914 r. do sierpnia 195 r. w budynku szkoły istniał szpital zakaźny). Trudna sytuacja w czasie wojny nie wpłynęła na patriotyczne postawy mieszkańców Andrychowa - wielu z nich służyło w Legionach Polskich. 29 października 1918 r. czterech legionistów: Józef Herzog, Adam Myjak, Władysław Pająk i Tomasz Płonka rozbroili posterunek żandarmerii austriackiej.
EN
In 2017 Andrychow is celebrating 250 years of its urban rights. The article presents cross-sectional history of the town from the Middle Ages to the outbreak of the World War II, focusing on important moments in the history of Andrychów. The settlement, founded in the early 1300s by immigrants from Moravia, for the first centuries of its existence underwent periodic depopulations and did not play much role. It was probably in the sixteenth century, and certainly in the seventeenth, inhabitants of the village and its surroundings, unable to support themselves exclusively from farming, began to be in craft weaving. As a result in the eighteenth century Andrychów has already became an important centre of linen industry, which gathered weavers not only from surrounding villages, but also from further centres. The linen produced here was sold by peasants from Smyrna (Izmir) to Barcelona and Hamburg. Andrychów’s development of industry and trade contributed to the fact that on 24th October 1767 king Stanisław August Poniatowski granted a charter allowing for foundation of a town in the rural location on Magdeburg rights. After the 1st partition of Poland, Andrychów got under Austrian rule. The nineteenth century was a period of economic regression of the town. As a result of the appearance of cotton as the new raw material on the market, and outwork system as the new way of organizing production, Andrychów was not able to compete with new textile centres emerging on Polish, Czech and Austrian lands. The breakthrough came only in 1907, when the “Czeczowiczka brothers First Galician Mechanical Weaving for Cotton Products” was established. After Poland regained independence in 1918, the city struggled with many difficulties conomic crisis, unemployment problems), but at the same time this was a time of rapid development for Andrychów, which was attempted to be promoted as an attractive tourist resort and climatic spa. These efforts were interrupted by the outbreak of World War II.
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