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Vnitřní monology a vnitřní dialogy, ich-forma, du-forma a er-forma (ve vztahu k teorii subjektů a perspektivizačních center Aleny Macurové)

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Hoffmannová J.
Studie z aplikované lingvistiky - Studies in Applied Linguistics
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2017
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vol. 8
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issue 1
21-31
EN
The study is based on Czech (and not only Czech) theories of reported speech in literary works, mainly on the studies of L. Doležel, but on other authors as well (J. Haller, J. Hoffmannová, R. Adam, D. Hodrová, J. Koten and others). These theories are applied in an analysis of texts by some contemporary Czech authors (mainly Petra Soukupová and Jan Němec). Special attention is devoted to the internal monologue (the “reproduction” of unspoken utterances which only occur as thoughts), and to the alternation of direct speech/thought, indirect speech/thought, free direct speech/thought and free indirect speech/thought. In the novels by P. Soukupová and J. Němec, we demonstrate differing ways of subjectivizing the narrative: the narrator’s identification with the characters, the use of ich-forms, various forms of reported speech and thoughts (including hypothetical utterances) and the dialogized construction of internal monologues. In the novel by J. Němec, we give attention particularly to the use of “du-form” (as the constant representation of the narrator).
2
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Si představ, by mě zajímalo, ti to ukážu: Jednoslabičné začátky syntaktických segmentů v mluvené češtině

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Hoffmannová J., Richterová O.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2015
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vol. 97
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issue 1
9-20
EN
The paper deals with a phenomenon frequently encountered in the syntax of spoken Czech, namely one-syllable words, mostly of pronominal or verbal nature (se, si, sem, ste, sme, mě, mi, mu, tě, ti, bych, bys, by…) at the beginning of syntactic segments. At this stage, the analysis focuses on three forms: by, si, ti. The authors address the issue of the difficult identification of segment boundaries, including the influence of turn-taking in dialogue. The data was taken from the ORAL2013 corpus; the paper further looks into the usefulness of this corpus for the investigation of dialogue syntax, its query options and the possible interpretation of the presented evidence. The results have shown so far that the one-syllable beginnings in question are based on the elision of certain, mostly pronominal, expressions, or less frequently on word-order inversion. Furthermore, to a certain extent, they correlate with selected non-verbal discourse phenomena (longer pauses, silence, laughter), with syntactic phenomena (repetitions, corrections, parentheses, aposiopesis, etc.) and also with speaker turn-taking and topic change.
3
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Opakování jako součást utváření pracovního (doprovodného) rozhovoru

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Hoffmannová J., Havlík M.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2021
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vol. 103
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issue 2
210-227
EN
This article is a primarily a stylistic analysis of a conversation taking place between colleagues working together. Emphasis is placed also on sociolinguistic factors (e.g., the asymmetry of the conversation and the distribution of the social roles of the two interlocutors) that result in the use of specific linguistic features (especially first-, second- and third-person singular and plural pronouns and verb forms such as the indicative, imperative and conditional moods and also the use of the infinitive) and a specific degree of “politeness” expressed in the conversation by one of the interlocutors. Methods of interactive linguistics are used to analyse repetition as an important conversational discourse strategy, and various types of repetition (e.g., intentional/unintentional, identical/modified, intensifying, confirmatory, corrective: “self-corrections” and corrections of the interlocutor) are distinguished with regard to prosody and sequential context. A detailed analysis of a short section of the conversation highlights the role played by gestures and facial expressions (also with regard to repetitions) in maintaining mutual intelligibility between the interlocutors and in coordinating their shared work.
4
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SINGLE TRAIL BIKING AS A FORM OF NATURE-BASED TOURISM. PEDAGOGICS OF FREE-TIME CONTEXT

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Šebek L., Hoffmannová J., Jandová S., Dohnal T.
Zeszyty Naukowe Wyższej Szkoły Humanitas. Pedagogika
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2014
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issue 9
191-196
EN
The growth of mountain biking can be generally viewed as a positive phenomenon in the time of broadly discussed physical inactivity. At the same time, in order to maintain sustainability of biking on trails, it appears useful to be aware of the latent or already obvious conflicts related to the activity. The social conflict developing between the bikers and the hikers. Environmental damage has been the main concern on the side of those who prefer foot travel on trails. There are three common practices conflicting with sustainable use of the natural environment in mountain biking. These practices include off trail riding causing erosion, on or off trail riding on hiking trails through areas serving as natural habitat for protected animals, and erosion caused by increased concentration of visitors during mass bike events and competitions. Our case study presents one that has grown to surprising success and regional popularity in one of the economically weakest parts of the Czech Republic (the Rychlebské stezky arena above Cerna Voda, a rural village located near Jesenik). There have built about sixty kilometers of trails built exclusively for biking.
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W  artykule poruszono kwestię wzrostu popularności jazdy na rowerze górskim, która jest postrzegana jako cecha pozytywna w  kontekście dyskursu na temat niskiego pozio- mu aktywności fizycznej. Zdaniem autorów osobom uprawiającym ten typ sportu potrzebna jest wiedza dotycząca realnych i potencjalnych konfliktów odnoszących się do tego typu aktywności. Jednym z nich jest konflikt między rowerzystami i turystami. Z punktu widzenia turystów najpo- ważniejszym problemem związanym z rosnącą popularnością kolarstwa górskiego jest niszczenie środowiska naturalnego, a w szczególności jego trzy obszary: zniszczenia górskich szlaków, jazda po szlakach turystycznych, niszczenie naturalnego środowiska zwierząt w wyniku większej liczby osób na szlakach górskich oraz organizacja masowych wydarzeń związanych z  kolarstwem gór- skim (np. różnego typu konkursy). W  niniejszym artykule przedstawiono miejsce w  Republice Czeskiej (okolice Jesenika, przy granicy z Polską), gdzie utworzono ok. 60 km szlaków przeznaczo- nych dla kolarzy górskich, unikając jednocześnie powyższych zagrożeń.
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