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Doktorat honoris causa J.M. Bocheńskiego. Raport z dokumentacji Akademii Teologii Katolickiej w Warszawie

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Porwolik M.
Studia Philosophiae Christianae
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2021
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vol. 57
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issue 1
93-108
EN
On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of the award to J.M. Bocheński of the honoris causa doctorate by the Academy of Catholic Theology in Warsaw, we have studied the documents related to that event, which can be found in the Archives of the Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University in Warsaw. We have also discovered audio recordings and photos from the ceremony, as well as documentation from the Faculty of Christian Philosophy, which shows the efforts made to award Father Bocheński that title. It turns out that from 1981, the Faculty passed a resolution on that matter three times. The aim of this paper is to discuss these archival materials.
PL
W związku z 30. rocznicą nadania przez Akademię Teologii Katolickiej w Warszawie doktoratu honoris causa J.M. Bocheńskiemu dokonano kwerendy dokumentów, związanych z tym wydarzeniem, obecnie znajdujących się w Archiwum Uniwersytetu Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie. W jej wyniku odnaleziono nagrania audio i zdjęcia z tej uroczystości oraz dokumentację starań Wydziału Filozofii Chrześcijańskiej ATK, mających na celu nadanie tego tytułu o. Bocheńskiemu. Jak się okazało, począwszy od 1981 roku WFCh trzykrotnie ubiegał się o nadanie tego doktoratu i podejmował stosowne uchwały w tej sprawie. Celem artykułu jest prezentacja i omówienie tych archiwaliów w kontekście związków o. Bocheńskiego z ATK oraz ówczesnych realiów społeczno-politycznych i kościelnych.
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„PIĄTA DROGA” ŚW. TOMASZA Z AKWINU W FORMALIZACJACH J.M. BOCHEŃSKIEGO I P. WEINGARTNERA

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Porwolik M.
Roczniki Filozoficzne
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2013
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vol. 61
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issue 3
77-99
EN
The present state of research reveals that basically Fr. J.M. Bochenski (1902-1995) left three versions of the formalizations of St. Thomas Aquinas’ fifth way. The first version comes from the article Die fünf Wege, published in 1989, and the third one, which is unauthorized, from the book Gottes Dasein und Wesen. Logische Studien zur Summa Theologiae I, qq. 2-11, published in Munich in 2003. These works are completed by the second version from two manuscripts of the book: one German (1989) and one Polish (1993). The above mentioned texts have shown the contribution made by Fr. J.M. Bochenski into the realization of the intended application of the tools of contemporary logic in the field of philosophy of God as well as theology. One of the main followers of these ideas in Austria has been Paul Weingartner (born 1931). In 2010 he published God’s Existence? A Logical Commentary on the Five Ways of Thomas Aquinas, a book which makes direct references to J.M. Bochenski’s works, and like Bochenski’s work it is a logical commentary to certain fragments of St. Thomas Aquinas’ Summa Theologiae.
PL
Obecny stan badań wskazuje, że formalizacje piątej drogi św. Tomasza z Akwinu pozostawił o. J. M. Bocheński (1902-1995) zasadniczo w trzech wersjach. Pierwsza z nich pochodzi z artykułu zatytułowanego Die fünf Wege z 1989 r., trzecia (nieautoryzowana) z książki Gottes Dasein und Wesen. Logische Studien zur Summa Theolgiae I, qq. 2-11 wydanej w Monachium w 2003 r. Uzupełnieniem tych opracowań stanowi wersja druga, pochodząca z manuskryptów książki: jeden w języku niemieckim (1989 r.), drugi w polskim (1993 r.). Publikacje te ukazują wkład jaki poczynił o. J. M. Bocheński w realizację zamierzenia stosowania narzędzi współczesnej logiki na terenie filozofii Boga i teologii. Jednym z głównych, współczesnych kontynuatorów tych idei w Austrii jest Paul Weingartner (ur. 1931 r.). W roku 2010 opublikował on książkę: God’s Existence? A Logical Commentary on the Five Ways of Thomas Aquinas, która w wielu miejscach nawiązuje wprost do prac J. M. Bocheńskiego i tak jak praca tego ostatniego jest komentarzem logicznym do pewnych fragmentów Sumy Teologicznej św. Tomasza z Akwinu.
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The Axiomatic Approach to Genidentity according to Zdzisław Augustynek. Part I. The Comparison of Systems

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Porwolik M.
Filozofia Nauki
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2017
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vol. 25
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issue 3
5-40
PL
The existence of objects in time or, generally speaking, the existence of objects that are subject to change can be described using the notion of genidentity (genetic identity). Zdzisław Augustynek devoted a number of works to this issue, and Mariusz Grygianiec offered valuable commentaries. Augustynek tried to specify this notion by means of axiomatic definitions. He presented three sets of specific axioms. They delimit sets of theses, called systems by Augustynek and marked as AS1, AS2, and AS3. Apart from the term genidentity (G), the axioms also contain the following terms: logical identity (I), quasi-simultaneity (R), quasi-collocation (L), and causality (H). They represent binary relations whose field is the set of events S. The axioms also involve symbols of the complements of these relations: genetic difference (G*), logical difference (I*), time separation (R*), space separation (L*), and the complement of H (H*). The results obtained by Augustynek and Grygianiec can be supplemented or even corrected in some places. This fact motivated me to analyze systems AS1, AS2, and AS3 once again. The results are presented in two separate articles: Part I (this paper) and Part II (to be published in Filozofia Nauki 25(4) [100]). The first aim of Part I is to present the set-theoretic approach to the analysis of Augustynek’s systems. Although the specific axioms themselves are expressed in the language of the algebra of sets, their analysis was conducted by Grygianiec in the classical predicate calculus. The set-theoretic approach facilitates the analysis of the sets of specific axioms. Accordingly, I present the specific axioms of systems AS1, AS2, and AS3 in the language of algebra of sets, illustrating them with Venn diagrams for five sets, expressing the specific axioms of the analyzed systems with the use of the theory of components, showing exemplary sets fulfilling those axioms, and formulating preliminary remarks concerning the relationships among systems AS1, AS2, and AS3. The second aim of Part I is to use the presented method to compare the three systems. The most important stages include formulating and justifying theses concerning: (i) the relationships among systems AS1, AS2, and AS3, (ii) supplementary axioms that cause a mutual equivalence of the axioms when added to systems AS1, AS2, and AS3, and (iii) selected relationships that can be identified on the basis of systems AS1, AS2, and AS3. Next, I correct certain conclusions concerning systems AS1, AS2, and AS3 from Augustynek’s and Grygianiec’s works, show a method of creating alternative axioms for systems AS1, AS2, and AS3, and suggest methods for further modifications of axioms of these systems.
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The Axiomatic Approach to Genidentity according to Zdzisław Augustynek. Part II. Conditional Definitions

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Porwolik M.
Filozofia Nauki
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2017
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vol. 25
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issue 4
87-114
PL
The results obtained by Zdzisław Augustynek and Mariusz Grygianiec can be supplemented or even corrected in some places. This fact motivated me to analyze systems AS1, AS2, and AS3 once again. The results are presented in two articles. The aim of Part I (Porwolik 2017) was to present the set-theoretic approach to the analysis of Augustynek’s systems and to use the presented method to compare the three systems. Part II (this paper) is devoted to conditional definitions describing relations present in the systems. In one of his works, Augustynek posed a number of questions regarding the possibility of formulating conditional definitions of a certain type, which might refer to the notions included in his axioms. He did not answer all of these questions, and my aim is to complete this task. Apart from that, I analyze the problem of reducing Augustynek’s systems to conditional definitions containing the necessary condition and the sufficient condition of a selected notion from these systems. At the same time, I prove that Augustynek’s systems can be reduced to certain conditional definitions (that they are equivalent to them), including the ones containing two conditions of genidentity: the sufficient condition and the necessary condition. I also argue that in AS2 it is possible, with the use of normal (equivalence) definitions, to define two relations: logical identity (I) and logical difference (I*). For the other relations a definition of this type does not exist in the analyzed systems.
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Józefa Marii Bocheńskiego program studiów o Bogu

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Porwolik M.
Rocznik Tomistyczny
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2020
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vol. 1
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issue 9
335-354
EN
The Cracow Circle aimed at adapting the contemporary achievements of logic to the fields of Catholic philosophy and theology. The Circle was formed by J.M. Bocheński, J. Salamucha, J.F. Drewnowski, and B. Sobociński. The Circle was active in the 1930s. A special event in its history was the 3rd Polish Philosophical Congress in Cracow in 1936. During that Congress a special meeting for representatives of Christian philosophy was organized in order to discuss the relationship between Catholic thought and contemporary logic. Father Bocheński returned to the ideas of the Circle in his article, Die fünf Wege, where he analyzed the quinque viae. A revised and extended version of that work became part of his book, Gottes Dasein und Wesen. Logische Studien zur Summa Theolgiae I, qq. 2-11. In that book, Father Bocheński discusses the subsequent questions from the Summa Theologiae and analyzes Kant’s critical commentary against the cosmological argument The first chapter of that volume is titled Program of Studies on God. The text structures the research studies presented in the book, but additionally, it points to other research goals. The aim of the present paper is to present Father Bocheński’s program of studies on God, showing those postulates of the program that were realized by their author and their relationship with the scientific goals of the Cracow Circle.
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"Was ich glaube" Józefa Marii Bocheńskiego jako kontynuacja jego "Logiki religii"

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Porwolik M.
Rocznik Tomistyczny
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2024
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issue 13
193-211
EN
The work entitled Was ich glaube was written by Józef Maria Bocheński in 1993. It has not been published yet for various reasons, and that is why it still remains a poorly researched work. It appears to be the last academic work he wrote. The analyses contained therein are focused on two main issues: the justification of faith and the types and meaning of sentences in which believers believe. Analyses of archival materials and other works by Bocheński, especially The Logic of Religion, allow us to conclude that Was ich glaube is a continuation of the latter work. This applies both to the area analyzed by Bocheński, which is religious discourse, and to the method of analysis he used. In this work we also deal with certain modifications of some approaches known from The Logic of Religion. They concern in particular the description of the conversion process and the role played in it by the so-called basic dogma, religious hypothesis, and authority. The willingness to modify some of the conclusions presented in The Logic of Religion is evidenced by the content of the paper that Bocheński delivered at a symposium in Salzburg in August 1991. It was entitled Religious Hypothesis Revisited. He also pointed out that the phenomenon of religion itself, as well as of religious experience and faith, require further research. Additionally, Bocheński drew attention to the need for research on the latter two issues in the first chapter of his work entitled Gottes Dasein und Wesen, edited in 1989. It is called The Program of Studies on God. This program distinguishes between three research areas related to knowing God: reasoning, experience, and faith. Analyses regarding the last two issues highlighted here are included in Was ich glaube. If we claim that this work is a continuation of The Logic of Religion, we understand the term „continuation” broadly, also allowing for modifications of previous results and significant additions to them. However, the method used in both works remains unchanged, consisting in the use of approaches known from formal logic, logical semiotics, and the methodology of science. This allows us to treat both of these works as representatives of the field that Bocheński called „the logic of religion”, in line with the title of his work.
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