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STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE LUSATIAN CULTURE FUNERARY RITUAL ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE DIVIAKY NAD NITRICOU SITE

100%
Śmigielska  U.
Študijné zvesti
|
2023
|
vol. 70
|
issue 2
221 – 238
EN
Funerary rituals have played a crucial role in human societies throughout history, and archaeological investigation of these practices can provide valuable insights into beliefs and cultural practices. The application of statistical analysis to funerary data has emerged as a promising research direction, offering the ability to identify patterns and relationships not visible on the first sight. The article focuses on the exploration of funerary customs at the Diviaky nad Nitricou cemetery during the Late Bronze Age, using statistical approaches. The study is based on the analysis of 107 graves, which were excavated between 1940 and 1975. The analysis included the calculation of the splendour index and distinguishing wealth classes, comparing the distribution of wealth on the site with the Pareto distribution using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, spatial analysis, correlations of funerary rite features with each other and with biological characteristics, Kruskal-Wallis test, and correspondence analysis. The study provides insights into the funerary practices of the community using the cemetery in Diviaky nad Nitricou, but also highlights the difficulties of reconstructing past societies based on incomplete archaeological data.
2
Content available remote

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF TRACE ELEMENT CONTENT IN NEOLITHIC, ENEOLITHIC AND BRONZE AGE METAL ARTEFACTS FROM CENTRAL AND SOUTH-EASTERN EUROPE

100%
Śmigielska U.
Študijné zvesti
|
2022
|
vol. 69
|
issue 2
261-284
EN
The prehistoric metal artefacts have been at the centre of archaeological research for over a century. Archeometallurgical analysis largely focused on determining the geological origin of metal and its distribution patterns throughout Europe. For this purpose, among others, analysis of the content of trace elements was used. From 1954 to 1974 in Stuttgart, S. Junghans and E. Sangmeister conducted the largest project to study the chemical composition of copper and bronze artefacts. During the study, 22,000 items from almost all parts of Europe were examined, dated mainly from the Eneolithic period to the Middle Bronze Age. In order to perform the statistical analysis, which was the main purpose of this thesis, items from central and south-eastern Europe were selected from the published data set. The main goal is to compare the results of metal composition analysis with the formal classification of metal artefacts. Based on the content of four elements (arsenic, antimony, silver, and nickel), cluster analysis was performed to divide the material under study into groups. It resulted in the determination of 15 groups (and 17 subgroups of group 1 and five of group 2). Each of the groups has been characterised, taking into account the location, dating, cultural context, and typological category of artefacts. They represent production centres based on copper deposits from a given region. Statistical analysis of the content of trace elements provided relevant information on the general origin of the raw material, changes occurring from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age, differences and similarities between the metallurgy of archaeological taxonomic units, and the level of metallurgical knowledge in prehistory.
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