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SZCZYPIORNO 1917 - A SECOND SAN DOMINGO? (Szczypiorno 1917 - drugie Saint Domingo?)

100%
Snopko J.
Dzieje Najnowsze
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2008
|
issue 4
41-59
EN
Szczypiorno near Kalisz (today: a district of that town) became celebrated in Polish history predominantly as an internment camp for men of the Polish Legions at the time of the First World War, and the birthplace of a Polish version of handball, whose popular name is 'szczypiorniak'. The camp occupied a special place in the memory of the interned legionaries and the collective memory of Polish society due to the harsh living conditions and the, at times, outright dramatic experiences of the inmates. The tragedy of Szczypiorno was widely popularised by the pro-independence camp already at the time of the First World War and subsequently at the time of the Second Republic. The plight of the interned soldiers was even compared to the fate of their Napoleonic-era predecessors at San Domingo. Szczypiorno became a symbol the inflexible stand, will to survive, and martyrdom of the legionaries, whose path towards Independent Poland was often full of disappointment and suffering. The camp in Szczypiorno did not turn out to be a second San Domingo, as feared, and despite the severe conditions almost all the inmates survived. A more extensive tragedy was prevented by the food supplies provided by Polish society and the good organisation of medical services in the camp. Emphasis on the fate of the interned later served assorted propaganda purposes, and accentuated their participation in the reconstruction of the independent Republic.
2

A REPORT ON THE ACTIVITY OF INTERIM STATE COUNCIL'S MILITARY COMMISSION (JANUARY - AUGUST 1917) (Sprawozdanie z dzialalnosci Komisji Wojskowej Tymczasowej Rady Stanu, styczen - sierpien 1917)

100%
Snopko J.
Studia Podlaskie
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2011
|
vol. 19
307-326
EN
The Military Commission operated from mid January to the end of August 1917 as a part of the Interim State Council, which was later taken over by the Regency Council. Until 2 July, 1917, the Commission's official (actual head) was Joseph Pilsudski. This body was to be a nucleus for the future Ministry of Military Affairs. However, due to restrictions of German occupation authorities, the Military Commission's activity was mainly focused on preparatory and conceptual works which could rather be used in the future. During the first period (until July 1917), internal works were carried out in several departments: 1) for preparatory works, 2) current and statistics-registration affairs, 3) military education, 4) military language, 5) war industry, and 6) providing care of Polish servicemen's families. Moreover, works on Polish own military judicature were commenced, a draft law on military service was prepared, a statute of voluntary recruitment was worked out, and organization of associations supporting the Polish Army was prepared.
3
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Adolf Białokoz, Pamiętnik 1861–1864, oprac. i red. Piotr Niziołek, Muzeum Podlaskie, Białystok 2015, 130 stron

100%
Snopko J.
Studia Podlaskie
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2016
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vol. 24
4
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Profesor Mieczysław Wrzosek (28 VII 1930 – 14 VI 2015). Pożegnanie

63%
Dobroński A. C., Snopko J.
Studia Podlaskie
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2015
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vol. 23
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