Z początkiem roku akademickiego 2006/2007 w Polsce następuje proces zmniejszającej się liczby studentów. Zmiany te mogą być nie tylko dotkliwe dla całego systemu szkolnictwa wyższego, ale mogą być również istotnie odczuwalne w poszczególnych miastach akademickich, dla których studenci stanowią znaczący potencjał rozwojowy. W tym kontekście w artykule skoncentrowano się na zaprezentowaniu działań promocyjnych władz miast wojewódzkich pełniących funkcję ośrodków akademickich mających na celu zachęcenie potencjalnych studentów do podejmowania w nich kształcenia na poziomie wyższym.
EN
From the beginning of October 2006 there is decreasing number of tertiary students in Poland. These changes can not only be noticeable for the entire higher education system, but can be significantly felt for academic cities, for which students can be a potential for development. In this context, the article focuses on the presentation of promotional activities used by the academic cities to encourage young people to take up higher education.
Problematyka kryzysu demograficznego oraz procesów depopulacji to zagadnienia kluczowe dla sytuacji społeczno-gospodarczej województwa opolskiego, które doświadcza drastycznego spadku liczby ludności. Z jednej strony problem ten, aczkolwiek nie tak istotnie, dotyczy również stolicy województwa – Opola. Z drugiej strony jednak Opole staje się obszarem napływu migrantów edukacyjnych podejmujących w mieście kształcenie na poziomie wyższym, co pociąga za sobą szereg konsekwencji. W artykule podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, jakie konsekwencje w sferze demograficznej dla obszaru napływu mogą powodować migranci edukacyjni podejmujący studia w Opolu. W tym celu posłużono się danymi ze statystyki publicznej, informacjami uzyskanymi z uczelni wyższych oraz wynikami własnych badań empirycznych.
EN
The issue of the demographic crisis and depopulation processes are key issues for the socio-economic situation of Opole Voivodeship, which has experienced a drastic decline in population. On the one hand, this problem concerns also the capital of the region – Opole. On the other hand, Opole becomes the influx of educational migrants undertaking higher education in the city. I can lead to entails a number of consequences. The article therefore attempts to answer the question what are the consequences for the area of the inflow of educational migrants undertaking studies in Opole in the demographic sphere. For this purpose, there were presented data from official statistics, information from universities and the results of the empirical research.
Issues related to labor migration are the subject of interest to both scientists and the general public. Despite many researches focused on the problem, many important questions still remain unanswered. One of them is the scale of international migration from the cities of a region with unprecedented scale and significance of economic migration – Opole Voivodeship. Taking this into consideration it was decided to survey the scale and form of emigration of inhabitants of the capital of the province – Opole. Research conducted in the city included a group of approx. 3,600 parents of primary school children. The results of this study helped to determine the scale of the phenomenon both permanent and temporary emigration, differences in the scale of emigration in the various districts of the city and the consequences of economic migration of parents to situations and behavior of their children.
W artykule skoncentrowano się na analizie migracji edukacyjnych związanych z podejmowaniem studiów wyższych oraz konsekwencji, jakie mogą nieść dla lokalnego rynku dóbr i usług oraz rynku pracy miasta akademickiego. Konsekwencje te zostały ukazane dla jednego z miast akademickich w Polsce – dla Opola, w którym studia podejmuje ponad 25 tys. studentów, przy czym ok. 90% z nich to migranci edukacyjni, i które charakteryzuje się jednym z najwyższych w Polsce współczynników liczby studentów w stosunku do liczby mieszkańców. Analiza została przeprowadzona w oparciu o wyniki badań empirycznych prowadzonych wśród kwotowo dobranej grupy 1075 studentów wszystkich uczelni wyższych w Opolu.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyze educational migration related to undertaking higher education and its consequences for the local market for goods, services and labor in an academic city. These consequences have been shown for Opole – one of the academic cities in Poland, where more than 25 thousand students take up tertiary education, of which approx. 90% are educational migrants, and which has one of the higheststudent-to-inhabitant ratios. The analysis was conducted based on the results of empirical research conducted among a group of 1075 students of all universities in Opole selected based on quota sampling.
In cities with large educational institutions, the inflow of educational migrants is important for consumption demand, and can trigger multiplier effects. The main aim of this article is to show the mechanism of the aggregate demand-income effect created by educational migration in the Polish city of Opole. An estimate of this effect is provided, based on questionnaire research among a sample of 1 075 students from all institutions of higher education located in the city. The estimated effects analysed concern the direct consumption impulse, as well as the indirect job creation and increase in income for providers of accommodation for students, in turn triggering increased consumption demand. While the results must be interpreted with care, an estimated 15 per cent of consumption demand created through expenditure of migrant students (about PLN 175 400 000) and 485 extra job show the significance of such expenditure for the local economy.
W artykule, wykorzystując wyniki badań empirycznych, dokonano analizy porównawczej zmian, jakie dokonały się w zakresie głównych kierunków migracji wśród studentów podejmujących studia w opolskim ośrodku akademickim w latach 2007-2014. Jednocześnie w opracowaniu tym podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy proces stopniowego otwierania się zachodnioeuropejskich rynków pracy miał znaczenie w dokonujących się zmianach kierunków emigracji w tej grupie emigrantów.
EN
In the article, basing on the results of the empirical research there is presented the changes which have taken place on the main directions of migration among students in Opole academic city during the period of 2007-2013. At the same time the study attempts to answer the question, whether the progressive process of opening the labor markets in Western Europe could have affect the changes in directions of emigration in this group of migrants.
The existence of considerable gaps in knowledge on employment and international migration, as well as the effects and determinants of the phenomena, became the primary reason for conducting the research on international migration in the Opolskie voivodeship. Apart from the important information about the state of employment, the key issue seemed to be changes in migration that was observed during the recent period in the Opolskie voievodeship. The changes which have occurred due to the macroeconomic situation, such as the economic crisis in Europe and changes in the labor market, determine the profitability of a job abroad. The article presents the results of the research that indicated some positive trends in employment in the country and abroad in the period 2008-2010. Firstly, it shows a significant drop on the scale of emigration in the past two years and a contemporary increase in employment in the country of the Opolskie voivodeships' inhabitants. On the other hand, the research shows a decrease in the number of people who are economically inactive. Changes in employment were not similar in the various population groups - the most pronounced differences in the change in employment abroad have been associated with the groups of citizenship.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.