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Szełomo ben Aharon

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EN
This article aims to present the intellectual work of a prominent Karaite scholar, Solomon ben Aaron’s (of Poswol, Wilna and Troki), who was a man of great knowledge and extensive reading, including rabbinic literature. He was born in Poswol before 1665, and died in Troki in 1745 at an age exceeding 80 years. Solomon was the author of many religious writings and polemical tracts about Karaite practices and customs, such as ʾAppiryon ʿaśa lo,  Migdal ʿoz, Raḵ wa-ṭoḇ,  Ḥanoḵ lan-na᷾ar and Laḥem šeʿarim (known as Leḥem śeʿorim). He also wrote poems. Solomon b. Aaron was head of a Karaite Bet-Din (in Wilna), as well as a religious head of the Lithuanian Karaites. Of his private life hardly anything is known. Due to lack of data one cannot give a full picture of his life; the article thus compiles information gathered from various Hebrew texts. Alongside Karaite literature, the article employs recent findings into Karaism to verify information within the Karaite texts.
EN
The article presents the content of the Karaitem-Rabban dispute regarding the counting the omer, which was presented in the treatise War at the Gates by a Karaite scholar from the turn of the 17th and 18th centuries from the territory of the First Republic − Shlomo son of Aharon. A cursory analysis of the problem outlined by Szełomo, thus putting aside the historical and literary context for the time being, allows us to draw interesting conclusions in connection with the way in which both denominations tried (in this work) to deal with the mounting problems they were faced with by the order from Le 23: 15-16, requiring a countdown of 7 weeks from Pesach to the holiday of Weeks. Te reservations − which an attentive reader of this theological dialogue could raise towards both sides of the conflict − will therefore not be based on a historical-literary analysis of the problem of counting the omer, but will be focused on the internal textual analysis of selected fragments of the work, which will be enough to show some surprising analytical inconsistencies (both Karaite and Rabban side) in the process of analyzing the two biblical verses mentioned here.
Verbum Vitae
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2025
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vol. 43
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issue 2
495-517
EN
The article presents-using the Karaite work “The War at the Gates” by Shelomo ben Aharon (17th/18th century; a polemic with rabbinic Judaism)-three common issues related to the analysis of Hebrew manuscripts written before the 19th century. These issues include: (1) determining the fundamental meaning of individual parts of the work; (2) analyzing the argumentative structure of the work’s narrative in relation to its biblical interpretation, which seeks to justify specific religious laws established within the religious community of the tradition/author; (3) verifying certain commonly accepted scholarly assumptions. I demonstrate how I addressed these challenges while working on the aforementioned treatise and attempt to draw generalized, practical conclusions.
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