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Uwagi na temat obrządku pogrzebowego grupy olsztyńskiej na przykładzie cmentarzyska w Kosewie, pow. mrągowski (dawn. Kossewen, Kreis Sensburg)

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Rudnicki M.

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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2015

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issue 30

137-170

EN

The cemetery in Kosewo (former Kossewen, Kr. Sensburg; from 1938, Rechenberg) is one of the largest known necropolises dated to the Roman and Migration Periods found in the Mazurian Lakeland. The site was accidentally discovered during the construction works of the road linking Mrągowo with Mikołajki in 1887. Even though a large numer of features was discovered at the cemetery in Kosewo, only single finds or assemblages from that site have been published. At the cemetery in Kosewo there were pit and urn burials. The pit burials contained, besides the remains of the deceased, also the remains of the pyre. The predominant burial type were urn graves. Among the 728 recorded burials the majority were urn graves, amounting to 611. It seems justifiable to assume that in the Olsztyn group the urn graves were generally predominant, with some local departures from the custom. We may also say that the graves from the late Migration Period were deposited closer to the Surface than the ones from the Roman Period. This phenomenon has been also recorded at the other cemeteries of the Olsztyn Group. In the eastern part of the area settled by the Olsztyn Group, in which the Kosewo cemeteries are located, the burial grounds were usually made in the same places as the necropolises of the Bogaczewo culture. Large cemeteries used only in the Late Migration Period are exceptional. Graves from Phase E usually did not disturb the earlier burials, but at the cemetery in Kosewo this happened quite often. Basing on the research conducted so far it is possible to state that the graves from the Olsztyn Group were usually located in separate clusters located away from the graves from the Roman Period or only slightly overlapping with them. In the urn graves of the Olsztyn Group the urns are sometimes covered with overturned bowl- or plate-shaped vessels, or beakers with hollow stems. No stone linings, pavements, or cist graves have been registered. Also no horse graves, which can be found in Mazuria of the Roman and Migration Periods, have been discovered at the cemetery in Kosewo. The cemetery yielded some finds of weapons in the assemblages dated to Phase E. The decline of the Olsztyn Group is connected with the disappearance of archaeologically recordable burial rites. The change of the form of the burial rite probably did not concern cremation, which is recorded for the Prussian tribes from the Early Middle Ages. The change of the burial rites probably consisted in the introduction of a different form of deposition of the burials. Also at the cemetery in Kosewo no materials later than the 7th century have been recorded. The necropolis may have been abandoned or the way of depositing the burials was changed. The question about the final stages of use of the Olsztyn Group cemeteries may be answered by further investigations.

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Dwa znaleziska skandynawskich zapinek płytkowych z terenów północnej Polski

100%

Rudnicki M.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2014

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vol. LXV

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issue 65

283-290

EN

The settlement in site II at Tałty, Mrągowo County, discovered by accident before World War II, lies about 1 km to the south of the town Mikołajki, on the shore of Lake Mikołajskie (Fig. 1). The site came under a rescue excavation in 2001. A metal detector survey of the site resulted in the discovery of a bronze bow brooch with a head and foot decorated with stylised representations of animal heads (Fig. 2, 3:1a.b). This brooch appears to be a simplified variant, or an imitation, of an ornate brooch found at Stora Gairvide on Gotland (Fig. 3:2). The Tałty brooch would confirm evident Scandinavian influence exerted on the manufacture of bow brooches by the people of the Olsztyn Group during the Late Migration Period which are observed also in other brooches from Masuria (Fig. 4). Another, fragmented brooch (Fig. 6:1a.b) was discovered by accident in northern Greater Poland at Brzostowo, Piła County (Fig. 5). It is likely to be a derivative of richly decorated relief brooches, forms that are mostly recorded in Denmark (Fig. 6:2.3). Both brooches may be dated not earlier than to the second quarter of the 6th century. Despite sharing a link with Scandinavia they probably reflect different processes. The brooch from Tałty may be interpreted as a result of South-Eastern Scandinavian impact on the Olsztyn Group, which was developing vigorously during the 6th century. The brooch fragment from Brzostowo would document the movement of human groups down the route running from southern Scandinavia to the region lying south of the Carpathian range.

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Nowe odkrycia zapinek płytkowych z Sambii i Natangii

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Rudnicki M., Skvorcov K. N.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2017

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vol. LXVIII

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issue 68

302-310

EN

The article discusses three bow brooches found in recent years in Kaliningrad Oblast of the Russian Federation coinciding with the historic territories of Sambia and Natangia. All the brooches are stray finds either picked up during fieldwalking or found by accident. They represent different types, each with a different provenance. Chronologically they all belong in the Late Migration Period, from its earliest to its final phase – the brooches from Kievskoe, Zelenogradsk District (Fig. 2:1), and Ušakovo, Gur'evsk District (Fig. 2:2) may be referred to phase E1, the brooch from Okunevo, Zelenogradsk District (Fig. 2:3) to phase E2. The group of late bow brooches is represented by the most recently published specimen from Vavilovo, Bagrationovsk District (Fig. 2:4) which dates to phase E3. The brooches under discussion have added to our source database of this category of artefacts from the territory of the Dollkeim/Kovrovo Culture, improving our understanding of its connections during the late Migration Period. It is notable that all three brooches published here for the first time (Kievskoe, Ušakovo and Okunevo) belong to types previously not recorded sin the Dollkeim/Kovrovo territory.

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Znalezisko sprzączki typu Snartemo-Sjörup z Nadrowii

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Rudnicki M., Skvorcov K. N.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2015

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vol. LXVI

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issue 66

348-353

EN

In 2006, at the fortified settlement Kamsvikus (Fig. 1, 2) close to Timofeevka village in Sambian Peninsula (former Tammau, Kr. Insterburg), a belt-buckle type Snartemo-Sjörup (Fig. 3) was accidentally discovered. At the same time, five Roman coins and a couple of pieces of silver artefacts I was found in a close vicinity of the find-spot. All of them are stored now in the Kaliningrad Regional Museum of History and Arts. The belt-buckle is made of gilded silver and decorated in niello. Buckles type Snartemo-Sjörup belonged to a male belts. They are known from both from warriors’ burials (Fig. 4) and from bog finds. The buckle from Kamsvikus is certainly an import from southern Scandinavia and may be securely dated to the end the 5th and the beginning of the 6th century AD, therefore it proves a Scandinavian influences within the Dollkeim/Kovrovo milieu in the late phase of the Migration Period.

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Odkrycie bałtyjskiej zapinki tarczowatej nad Jeziorem Gopło

63%

Rudnicki M., Miłek S.

Wiadomości Archeologiczne

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2012

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vol. LXIII

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issue 63

237-239

EN

The bronze plate brooch of a type defined as cruciform or quatrefoil (Fig. 2) discovered in 2011 on Lake Gopło (Fig. 1) has been dated to the 9th/10th–13th c. and finds close analogies in Lithuania as well as on the Prussian and Yotvingian territory. The brooch testifies to contacts between the region of Kruszwica, important centre of the Early Piast state, and the Balt territory.

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4 Wiadomości Archeologiczne

1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

5 Rudnicki M.

2 Skvorcov K. N.

1 Miłek S.

1 2017

2 2015

1 2014

1 2012

Uwagi na temat obrządku pogrzebowego grupy olsztyńskiej na przykładzie cmentarzyska w Kosewie, pow. mrągowski (dawn. Kossewen, Kreis Sensburg)

Dwa znaleziska skandynawskich zapinek płytkowych z terenów północnej Polski

Nowe odkrycia zapinek płytkowych z Sambii i Natangii

Znalezisko sprzączki typu Snartemo-Sjörup z Nadrowii

Odkrycie bałtyjskiej zapinki tarczowatej nad Jeziorem Gopło