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Co wzmacnia/oslabia społeczny darwinizm? O roli doświadczeń z ludźmi, osobowości, wartości osobistych i przywiazania do wspólnoty

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Skarzyńska K., Radkiewicz P.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2011
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vol. 6
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issue 1(16)
7-23
EN
The article presents a multi-layered analysis that seeks to identify psychological sources of social Darwinism – the syndrome of negative beliefs about human nature and social world. The article described research that explores potential relationships between different domains of psychological life and the darwin-like beliefs. The authors inquire into psychological factors that lead people to perceive the social world as a jungle. They point to several fields, where one may find important predictors of social darwinism: 1) positive and negative experiences with people, disappointment by significant persons); 2) stable personality traits (agreeableness, openness to experiences, tough-mindedness); 3) personal values (individualism-collectivism, humanism-materialism, conservatism); and 4) various forms of embeddedness in national and civic community (patriotism, nationalism, symbolic and instrumental engagement). The analysis based on three survey research confirmed the hypothesized relationships between darwin-like beliefs and the four mentioned categories of psychological factors.
2

Potoczna percepcja sytuacji międzynarodowej. Poznawcze predyktory postaw wobec znaczących zdarzeń międzynarodowych

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Chmielewski K., Skarzyńska K.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2007
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vol. 2
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issue 2(4)
120-131
EN
This paper presents the role of some cognitive predictors: (1) the level of perceived entitativity of the EU, (2) perception of the UE-USA relationship on the enemy-ally dimension, (3) the level of generalized trust in people, and 4/ the level of trust in international institutions (UN, NATO, EU) - in forming positive expectations about Poland’s accession to the UE, attitudes towards the presence of Polish troops in Iraq and fears of terrorism. The analyses are based on data obtained in May 2004 from guided personal interviews run on a representative random sample of Poles (N = 1000). The results of multiple regression analyses showed that Poles' expectations about Poland’s accession to the UE are more positive (the level of hope is bigger) when perceived entitativity of the EU, perceived cooperativeness between the EU and USA, generalized trust in people and trust in international institutions are higher. The same cognitive variables are significantly associated with the level of support of Polish troops in Iraq. The reversed pattern of relations was found between these cognitive variables and the level of fear of terrorism.
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