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Investigating thermal comfort in the Kohandej on Mount Khajeh in Sistan, Iran, based on physiological equivalent temperature

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SARABANDI Z., DAVTALAB J., HASSAN POUR F.

Historia i Świat

2025

vol. 14

47–66

Kohandej building architecture on Mount Khajeh in Sistan dating back to the Parthian and Sasanian periods were affected by climatic factors. This study aimed to investigate the thermal comfort in this building. The novelty of this study lies in examining building thermal comfort in outdoor, semi-open, and indoor spaces in this historically significant site based on the PET index. Four datalogger stations were located outside the castle as a reference, in the courtyard in the castle, in the semi-open space of the northern iwan, and an indoor space. The study findings revealed that the thermal sensations of the reference and outdoor stations were in an extremely hot status, while the stations in semi-open and enclosed spaces ranged from warm to hot status. Meanwhile, the highest average PET value among the stations in various hours of the day pertained to the outdoor station at 45.92°C, while the lowest rate of 38.34°C pertained to the indoor station. To conclude, the indoor station was in a more desirable thermal comfort status than the outdoor station. The results suggest that the architecture of the castle has lowered the temperature in the interior and in the iwan closer to the thermal comfort levels. While the mean radiant temperature fluctuates within 38.69-49.42 °C in the four stations, the mean PET of the indoor space is lower by 7.58 °C than the outdoor space, and the mean PET of the semi-open space is lower by 4.50 °C than the outdoor space.

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1 Historia i Świat

1 DAVTALAB J.

1 HASSAN POUR F.

1 SARABANDI Z.

1 2025

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Investigating thermal comfort in the Kohandej on Mount Khajeh in Sistan, Iran, based on physiological equivalent temperature