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Prístupy k nadaniu v kontexte dejín

100%
Dočkal V.
Psychologie a její kontexty
|
2012
|
vol. 3
|
issue 2
75-90
EN
Presented overview study aims at understanding the phenomenon of talent from the earliest times through antiquity, the Middle Ages and Renaissance, the philosophical views of the eighteenth century, to scientific research of talent in the nineteenth, twentieth and early twenty-first century. Notes the talents as a natural feature of every man and as well as depicts the talent as above average power potential. Selectively maps the exploring of talent as genius, intelligence, and finally the structure of several personality traits interacting with the environment. Registers also pedagogical approaches to talent, but only in theoretical level, practical activities designed to develop talents or activities of various non-governmental organizations in this field are not included.
2

GENDER DIFFERENTIAL ITEM FUNCTIONING IN SLOVAK VERSION OF INTELLIGENCE STRUCTURE TEST 2000 - REVISED

51%
Kohút M., Halama P., Dočkal V., Žitný P.
Studia Psychologica
|
2016
|
vol. 58
|
issue 3
238 – 250
EN
The study focused on the gender differential item functioning in Slovak version of the Intelligence Structure Test 2000 - Revised (Amthauer et al., 2011). The sample included 744 middle and high school students with mean age of 16.94 years. The non-parametric method SIBTEST for identification of items with differential functioning was used in order to detect uniform and non-uniform DIF. The analysis showed that the I-S-T 2000 R includes several items with DIF favouring either males or females, but in most subtests, with no or small effect on differences between genders. Substantial but nonsignificant effect of DIF items on subtest score was found for Verbal Analogy, which contained six items with DIF and all favouring females. These items included verbal content related to areas more common for females such as diet or food. The results suggest that specific content of verbal intelligence items can be a potential source of gender bias.
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