Transport covers the area where mutual relations between economy and its requirements take place, and where it affects – not always in a positive way – its surrounding. Simultaneously, it is the transport that marks the direction for the infrastructure development, and hence for the whole economy. The close association between the economy and transport is confirmed by the amount of carriages in the world. The excessive increase of the transport intensity is one of the phenomena that negatively affect the economy. Expenditures incurred for the transport activities are expressed indirectly by the amount of traffic (in tonnes) and by the volume of transport performance (in tonne-km). In contrast, the effect of socio-economic activities are values of global product and national income. The article studied the transport activity in terms of volume of transport work (in tkm) total for all modes of transport, the effects of economic and social activity expressed by means of the value of gross domestic product, as well as the development of the transport intensity of national economies for the selected countries (regions) and for Poland. Analysed were both the curve with exponential functions and polynomial curves, and on their basis conclusions were drawn.
Australian economy is considered to be one of the most stable and competitive ones in the world. The country is a trading partner for more than 200 countries, with a 20% share of export in GDP. The economy is mainly based on services which constitute approx. 75% of GDP [1]. According to the UN Human Development Index, Australia is the second country in the world, after Norway, as far as quality and average length of life, health service and freedom of economic activities are concerned. The society’s wealth constitutes one of the key factors that influence the number of cars as per person. The number of cars, which prevail among the passenger means of transport, and their harmful influence on the environment forced the government to focus on limiting the number of private cars by means of, among others, the concept of constructing high-speed rail.
The article comprises an analysis of economies of eight Central and East European countries (CEE) in 2002-2007. Basic macroeconomic indexes (GDP, unemployment rate, inflation rate, total demand, public sector financial deficit, public debt) of individual countries, which joined the European Union in 2004 are presented and compared with aggregated indexes for EU-8 and EU-15. Moreover, development trends of described countries’ economies in successive years of the analysed period and their competitiveness assessment are compared.
The article consists of three parts. First part focuses on the development of goods conveyance (along with the consideration of particular transport branches) between 1980 and 2010 in the United States. Second part describes the development of commodity conveyance by means of transport of particular branches in the European Union in the same year, in Japan (1985-2008) and China (1980-2008). Last part is an attempt to indicate the differences in the structure of transport development in the United States and the European Union.
Customers more and more often require transport to be very flexible, fast, and complex in terms of carrying every quantity of goods of different sizes, from and to different countries, through customs clearance, storing and distribution of shipments. Meeting these requirements depends on complex information on transport processes and their rational planning. Transport in supply chain is a factor that gives mobility to logistics processes and is a basis for reliable, on-time and complex serivces. Well organizaed transport processes determine the free flow of goods and semi-finished goods from the consignor to the consignee, creating integrated supply chains at the same time. The article presents the integrative role of the transport in logistic systems.
An integrated supply chain is currently a decisive factor when it comes to remaining on increasingly demanding markets. Optimal organization of the supply chain is often a serious challenge for businesses that need to function in a more efficient way, and to provide products tailored to individual customers’ needs. The accuracy and precision at every stage are crucial, as well as shorter response time to changes in demand, customer tastes and economic conditions.
Logistics is today one of the decisive advantages in competition on the markets. Companies and entire supply chains compete more and more often. Logistics, which has ceased to be treated as a set of methods useful for solving operational problems, has gained strategic importance. This study presents the logistics area as a factor in the competitiveness of enterprises against the background of two main trends of competition research, i.e. a trend dealing with two key issues for the economy, namely the general characteristics of the market, i.e. its structure, development, functioning, the situation prevailing on it and the strategic behaviour of enterprises, and the second trend, included in theories referring to the role of the state in a market economy.
The world economical development at the turn of the century, which gave rise to the possibility of intesification of many economical activity aspects, has resulted in new challenges for civil aviation, in both passenger transport and cargo shipment. In order to satisfy the continually growing demand there is the necessity to enlarge the fleet and modernize the infrastructure being a precondition for the further development of the aviation sector. These processes have so far been inhibited both by financial limitations and construction barriers. The article makes a characterization of separate aircraft producers and the transportation vehicles produced by them. It also presents groups and types of aircrafts popular in different world regions.
The article describes the general characteristics of logistics centres. In particular, functions, types and characteristics of the model logistics centre were presented. The logistics centres associated in Europlatforms have been described, focusing on those countries where the number of centres is the largest, i.e. Germany, Spain, France and Italy. The factors determining the decision making regarding the selection of the optimal location of a logistics centre in Europe have been discussed, and also the places currently enjoying the greatest interest in the logistics industry have been shown. The development perspectives of Polish logistic facilities are presented and factors influencing the investment attractiveness of Poland are described.
The existing space distribution of hotel and service facilities in different places in the world is mainly the result of natural organic growth. Such facilities were built in areas of actual and/or potential demand, provided adequate financial resources and land were available. Additionally, an important factor was also the availability of technical infrastructure, including, in particular, transport. Sometimes those facilities were built without any detailed spatial analysis of their locations. It can be concluded that planning of hotel and service facilities lacked clear and accurate methods as well as analytic tools. The main reason was the lack of relevant databases. Along the development of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT), information tools started to be used in nearly every area. It should be noted that the development of the hotel and service base can be significantly promoted while using modern ICT solutions. In their article, the authors, among others, propose to use trip planning tools backed by Big Data. A trip planner can be used to collect data that help to determine the location of hotel and service facilities (e.g. hotels, guest houses, motels, leisure, recreation and restaurant facilities). The article presents the case study from the Upper Silesia conurbation, Poland. The use of Big Data allows to select locations of investment corresponding to actual tourist travel needs, especially that every year tourism becomes an increasingly important sector of the national economy in many countries.
In the paper, the consequences of the influence of globalisation on the market of air transport are assessed. It is shown that alliances and code-share agreements constitute fundamental elements of this process. Basic stimuli and their results were analysed and the outcome shows that the aim of global corporations is integrating companies, markets and economic systems into a homogeneous system encompassing the whole world. The aim of this paper is to present the significance of alliances and code-share agreements in the development of globalisation of air transport. Critical analysis of literature and deduction were used, which allowed to formulate appropriate conclusions and recommendations. Additionally, the method of assessment of complexity of relations between air transport and socio-economic phenomena was used. The identification of processes and sources of competitive stimuli along with barriers in functioning, and the development of both, the sector of air transport and the market as a whole were also taken into consideration. The analysis of activity of subjects forming the global market of air transport services under the conditions of growing competition was made.
The article discusses logistic centres in Europe, legal changes and directions for their development in the European Union that has led to an increased cross-border flow of goods and the need to continue the process. The article identifies major features of logistics centres and presents the comparison of various types of conceptual objectives for logistics centres in Europe. The analysis has been used to develop a list of features collated with the variety of concepts and current market requirements in relation to such issues as sustainable development and corporate social responsibility.
JavaScript is turned off in your web browser. Turn it on to take full advantage of this site, then refresh the page.