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УРАХУВАННЯ ВІКОВИХ ОСОБЛИВОСТЕЙ СТУДЕНТІВ ПІД ЧАС ЗАНЯТЬ СИЛОВИМИ ВИДАМИ СПОРТУ

100%
Валерій Ж.
Педагогічні науки: теорія, історія, інноваційні технології
|
2017
|
issue 4(68)
99-111
EN
The article analyzes age characteristics of students during power sports classes in higher education institutions, examines morphological, functional and psychological characteristics of this age group. Considering factors that determine the student’s ability to achieve positive results in the development of strength and muscle mass during power sports classes turned out to be of special importance. This is a type of muscle fiber. The structure of muscle fibers could be of two types: slow and fast contractile. These types of fibers are different relatively independentfunctional units with different morphological, biochemical and contractile properties. Slow fibers have a low rate of contraction, a large number of mitochondria (energy stores), high activity of oxidative processes and high vascularization (capillarization), much glycogen. Fast fibers have fewer capillaries, mitochondria number, high glycolytic capacity, high-speed reduction. Slow muscle fibers are the most suitable to perform long aerobic work. They can force low power for a long time. Fast muscle fibers are adapted to the anaerobic nature of work. They develop high-power short-term efforts. With age, there is an increase in muscle mass and strength. After reaching physiological maturity, the development of muscle mass is even. Boys have a higher percentage of muscles than girls do. The difference in the number forms in the presence of male sex hormone – testosterone, resulting in the fact that men have well-developed muscular system than women. Students with a relatively short length of the muscle can carry the load with a large burden, and the relatively long have greater potential in the development of muscular effort; place the tendon insertion. Muscle strength depends on where the tendon inserts, giving preference to biomechanical moving. The student age is the age of the final stage, followed by a period of relative stabilization of all forms of motor characteristics. Physical education and sports in this period are the most important means of physical development, hardening of the body, a high level of strength, speed, endurance, coordination, good functional status, knowledge bases of sports health, develop sustainable habits to regular exercise, natural, biological basis for development of personal qualities.
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