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EN
Advertising accompanies us on almost every step. Manufacturers use all kinds of media to reach as many potential customers as possible. What is the conclusion? It’s impossible to hide that advertising has a huge impact on our lives, also on our beliefs and value system, although maybe we do not always realize it. The creators of ads realize that a better recipient is a person who does not realize that he is convinced. But not only advertising affects our lives. We also have impact on it. It draws from our culture – it shows our reality, and oen the reality of our dreams. ¥erefore, if we carefully look at the ads and their heroes, we will learn a lot about the modern man, his life, dreams and needs – means about ourselves. The pace of socio-moral changes taking place in Europe and the world is very large. Our knowledge and approach to issues related to sex, sexism, stereotypes, gender roles and discrimination have undergone significant changes over the past years. The dynamic course of these changes has brought us not only new solutions, but also new, widely discussed problems today – the phenomenon of sexism and stereotypical perception of gender norms. It would seem that stereotypes about gender norms, reproduced and recorded inter alia in advertisements, hit only women. We see in them that the range of women’s roles is rigid and limited. It turns out, however, that artificial simplifications also affect men. There are several categories in which they are „pressed”.
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EN
The Polish University Abroad (PUNO) carried out a research aimed at analysis of the approach of young Polish immigrants living in the UK to the independence issues. The point was to identify the way people perceive the 100th anniversary of Polish independence. 191 people were surveyed – 62% of them were women and 38% were men. The majority of respondents were from 26 to 39 years old. Poland, to the respondents, seems to be related to: family, homeland and home. The image of Polish diaspora in the UK provides a lot of inspiration for further research about Poles and their attitude to most important national traditions.
EN
Advertisement is spreading into almost every step of our everyday life in London. As a matter of fact, visual ads can be met mostly at London’s underground stations or bus stops, but private companies use all sorts of media to get to as many prospect customers as possible. What is the general meaning of it? It’s impossible to deny that advertising has a huge impact upon our lives, including our beliefs and system of values we believe in. It happens even though we do not always realise it. All the creators of ads aim at getting to people who are not aware that they are being convinced to buy something. But not only advertisement affects our lives. We also exert influence on it. British ads have been adjusted to our life – they show our culture, and often the reality of our dreams. Therefore, if we carefully look at them and human characters exposed by them, we can learn a lot about modern man, his life, aspirations and needs. The range of social changes taking place in Europe and contemporary world is very vast. Our knowledge and approach to issues related to sex, sexism, stereotypes, gender roles and discrimination have undergone signicant changes over the past years. The dynamics of these changes has brought to us not only new solutions, but also new, widely discussed issues today. One of them is the phenomenon of sexism and stereotypical perception of gender norms. Stereotypes regarding gender norms that we notice in advertisements concern not only women but also men - as I mentioned during the conference in London. In fact, the image of a woman in advertising has been limited to old-fashion female roles (including the role of sexual objects for men). But more and more oen it’s beginning to evolve towards images of modern aspiring women. This diversity can be seen in London’s outdoor advertising more and more.
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EN
Initial discussions on the project of creating the Polish University Abroad were held as early as September 1939 in Switzerland. Decision was made to establish such an entity in Paris, with its headquarters at the Polish Library. Even before its inauguration, the University had been gathering information about Professors, Associate Professors and Assistant Professors from the Polish universities, who managed to escape from occupied Poland, as well as those ones remaining in Poland. A list of 150 names of Professors and Associate Professors and about 80 Assistant Professors was created. In that academic year about 80 Professors and Associate Professors and 60 Assistant Professors from the Polish universities were in France. Documents le¡ by them show today all goals and tasks, of which present Polish University Abroad in London is the successor. e historical continuity of the university exists on three levels: sta, ideas and structure. Summarising and emphasising the words quoted by the Rector: „e founders of the Parisian university, who participated in further formation of PUNO in 1947, led their research and teaching activities both in Paris and then in London”. The ideological goals and ethos of the Polish University Abroad in Paris were closely related to the educational mission, which is even now: to represent all Polish universities and to maintain the continuity of the Polish higher education in the world. A¡er the Second World War it allowed Polish soldiers, their families, refugees and emigrants to continue or commence higher education in Polish outside of Poland as well as to develop scientific research and publish the results worldwide. PUNO mission now is to serve all generations of Poles who, outside their mother country or the land of their forebears, wish to continue their academic studies, broaden their knowledge of the contemporary world and maintain contact with Polish science and culture. The University’s aim is also to promote Polish science and culture in the UK and even further – worldwide, thanks to participation in global research projects. The Polish University Abroad in Paris had the Humanities, the Legal and the Economic Department. The first department established at the Polish University Abroad in London was the Humanities Department, followed by the Legal and the Economic ones. The Humanities Department was a leading department in Paris and remained such at the Polish University Abroad in London.
EN
The article presents the beginning of the Polish University Abroad establishing in Paris during the Second World War and later on in London (where we were found by the Polish authorities in exile as the private university with full public rights in 1952). Another part of the article shows PUNO activities in 21st century. e current structure of the university has been introduced, which comprises: Faculty of Humanities and three Institutes: Social Sciences, European Culture and Technical Sciences, together which 11 didactic and research units. The following categories apply: Didactics – with postgraduate studies, PhD seminars, seminars and workshops, including „Polish Culture Course” (run non-stop since 1953), „Twentieth Century Polish History Seminar” (a seminar in English with participation of leading British historians dealing with the Polish history of the 20th century). ScientiWc research – currently there are over 30 individual and group research projects at PUNO with broad scope of topics. Among them is the project funded by the European Union called TICASS and carried out by PUNO together with universities from Poland, Italy, Czech Republic and Kenya. International academic conferences – with the majority devoted to emigration issues. It includes the annual PUNO April Conference, organized on the anniversary days of the Smolensk catastrophe and commemorating the last President of the Republic of Poland in Exile – Mr. Ryszard Kaczorowski. Publishing – newly founded university publishing house PUNO Press, which issued eight books between 2016 and 2018, including „Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO”. e article also presents University plans for the closest future, including two bachelordegree studies for Polish migrants living abroad and further development of the PUNO Research Centre for young academics from Poland as well as for Polish-speaking diaspora living outside Poland.
EN
The article outlines the history of the Uniwersytet Polski Zagranicą (UPZ, Polish University Abroad), established in Paris in 1939 in response to the threat to Polish academia during World War II. Led by Prof. Oskar Halecki, UPZ provided refugees with the opportunity to continue their studies in Polish and promoted Polish culture internationally. After the war, its activities were relocated to London, where it has operated as the Polski Uniwersytet na Obczyźnie (PUNO, Polish University Abroad) since 1947. The institution continues to support Polish education and culture, serving successive generations of emigrants, preserving the ethos of its founders, and promoting Polish heritage worldwide.
EN
Although artificial intelligence (AI) is a promising technology that undoubtedly brings many benefits, its ubiquity evokes a lot of emotions and discussions about the legitimacy of its use and the forms of its control. In recent years, artificial intelligence has been integrated into many aspects of everyday life. Lack of knowledge and awareness of when and how to use it can lead to many fears and fears about the risks resulting from it. Are there fears that the use of artificial intelligence will increase the dependence on technology, which is already visible among the younger generations? Will it replace some interpersonal relationships, which in turn may lead to greater social isolation, thus deepening the corrosion of relationships in the modern world? Is society aware of when it uses artificial intelligence and when it is dealing with another human being? Does this, in turn, raise concerns about data security and personal freedom? The pilot studies conducted in the second quarter of 2024 attempt to answer these and other questions, and their results outline public concerns about the potential risks and consequences of the use of artificial intelligence, their impact on mental health and the quality of social life in the coming years. This article analyses the results of research on the impact of AI on the level of stress, anxiety and social interaction, sense of security and self-sufficiency of users. It identified key areas where AI interacts with mental health and discussed both positive and negative consequences. The results indicate the need for further research and the implementation of strategies that can minimize the negative effects of AI technology.
EN
Acculturation processes as complex and multidimensional are analyzed towards different domains, different fields in which both cultures change e.g. political, work, economic, family, social, religion… In all those fields it is important to search for solutions helping to incorporate immigrants in their new societies and allow effective coexistence between majorities and minorities. To analyze post-Brexit concerns of such nature among Polish immigrants, Psychologists from Polish University Abroad in London (PUNO) designed a research program: “Poles in Britain during Brexit.”
PL
Artykuł dotyczy skutków brytyjskiej decyzji o odłączeniu się od UE. Temat ujęto z punktu widzenia psychologii międzykulturowej, opisując Brexit w kontekście wiedzy na temat mechanizmów psychologicznych, stojących za tak ekstremalnym przypadkiem swoistej strategii „budowania” stosunków międzykulturowych. Celem opracowania jest wskazanie na ważny moment ewolucji procesów akulturacyjnych we współczesnej Europie. Analizujemy przyczyny wyboru podjętego w Wlk. Brytanii oraz czynniki kolejnego wyboru: między odejściem a pozostaniem Polskich emigrantów i rodzin emigracyjnych w Wielkiej Brytanii. Tekst ma formę przeglądową, z odwołaniem do badań własnych.
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