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Polish contemporary art to the anti-semitism of Poles and its political significance

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Minkner K.

Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities

2016

issue 6

195–221

This article presents artistic creativity which worked through the problem of Polish anti-Semitism Almost all discussed works, performances, films, projects appeared after 2000, when Jan Tomasz Gross published his book Neighbors, in which he described the massacre in the village of Jedwabne (1941) launching a public debate about the responsibility of Poles in the Holocaust of the Jews In the text, I showed as art, which is conventionally called “post-Jedwabne” was part of this debate Its political status on possibly general level was associated primarily with the revision of conventionalized historical memory and national identity formed on romantic patterns The text shows that the debate with the participation of artists formed part of the rules of socalled ritual chaos, so the highly polarized positions, in which anti-Semitism was considered as an obvious and determining such events as the ones in Jedwabne (the opinion was adopted by artists), or it was denied Even those works that sought to break away from this dichotomy, as Ida by Paweł Pawlikowski were placed secondarily in it as a part of the public debate In the text, I explained that the post-Jedwabne art worked through primarily so-called secondary anti-Semitism The political potential of these gestures was related to the disclosure of social antagonisms and tensions arising from the fact that Poles denied phenomenon of their own anti-Semitism and put the blame on the Jews for the fate, which they met A very important aspect (political as well) also proved the psychotherapeutic function of post-Jedwabne art In this perspective, events such as the pogrom in Jedwabne appear like trauma, which disintegrates the national identity Translating it into artistic strategies many artists applied measures that were to deprive the viewer the secure role of an observer in favor of an active, working through participant.

Tradycyjny instytucjonalizm i jego znaczenie dla nauk politycznych

100%

Minkner K.

Historia i Polityka

2015

issue 13(20)

9-30

The paper presents academic achievements of traditional institutionalism, the first scientific approach in political science, which was developed since the second part of the 19th century in USA, Great Britain, Germany and France. The author argues that this orientation had a creative influence on the progress of the discipline, however this impact is not appreciated by contemporary studies in the field of political science and political theory where limited understanding of the old institutionalism is promoted. The revision of this state of affairs has shown that, apart from the analysis of formal structures and institutions of state power, the traditionalists also have studied political parties (A. L. Lowell), interest groups (T. Eschenburg), public opinion (J. Bryce) and informal socio-political phenomena such as influence (C. J. Friedrich). Additionally, the first institutionalists formed the foundations for methodological self-consciousness of young political science and forged concepts that have been verified by subsequent generations of political scientists. They also conducted the first comparative studies of political systems (H. Finer, C. J. Friedrich). Many of these scholars went beyond pure theory by linking their reflections with planning and reforming political institutions. In this context, the author discusses research on relations between politics and administration (F. J. Goodnow), considerations on demonopolization of power (H. J. Laski) and refers to the debate on efficiency of different branches of government (e.g. in Poland after passing the March Constitution of 1921).

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1 Historia i Polityka

1 Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities

2 Minkner K.

1 2016

1 2015

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Polish contemporary art to the anti-semitism of Poles and its political significance

Tradycyjny instytucjonalizm i jego znaczenie dla nauk politycznych