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Znaczenie emocji w procesach poznawczych człowieka. Analiza oddziaływania reklam politycznych na kształtowanie się preferencji wyborczych

100%
Cwalina W.
Roczniki Psychologiczne
|
2001
|
vol. 4
135-164
EN
The paper deals with the role of emotion in the course of human cognitive processes. As stimuli eliciting these processes, television political advertising of candidates in Polish presidential election in 1995 were used. Four general theoretical models of human affective-cognitive functioning are hypothesized: radical and moderate constructivism, and radical and moderate realism. These models were tested using structural equation modeling (so called path analysis). The results obtained support two models of human epistemic processes: moderate emotional-cognitive constructivism and radical emotional-cognitive realism. These models assume that emotional attitude toward a social object proceeds information processing related to this object.
2
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Społeczeństwo informacyjne a konstruktywizm poznawczy w kształtowaniu obrazu rzeczywistości i podejmowaniu decyzji

63%
Falkowski A., Cwalina W.
Prakseologia
|
2006
|
issue 146
89-111
EN
Contemporary development of information technology is this stage of civilization called information society in which human learns to transform information into the knowledge. An advantage of this stage is that it allows to effectively adapt to rapidly changing economical and political situations. However, its uncontrolled effect is the phenomena of creating the „virtual reality”. In such reality the information is constructs the illusions and artificial worlds in the human mind. The research on perceptual and memory processes uncovers the mechanisms of such construction which are often used to control the consumer and voter choice in economic and political market. The paper presents some examples of such control in both, the investment behavior on stock market, and the voter behavior under the influence of the negative political campaigns. The analyses of this controlled behavior in the light of cognitive mechanism of information processing allow to look differently on the classic notions of truth and freedom in decision making.
3

Wpływ wieloznaczności przekazów politycznych na kształtowanie preferencji wyborczych

63%
Koniak P., Cwalina W.
Psychologia Społeczna
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2007
|
vol. 2
|
issue 1(3)
23-41
EN
Two experiments investigated effects of political messages’ ambiguity on the formation of electoral preferences. The first was focused on a situation wherein positive, negative and semantic ambiguity appeal strategies were used in a presented message. Results partially confirmed hypotheses and indicated that an ambiguous message isn’t very effective in the formation of desired electoral preferences. In the second experiment, messages consistent or inconsistent with Ss’ views and messages with ambiguous argumentation were analyzed. Results suggest that a strategy of ambiguity applied by politicians may be beneficial if the point is to avoid recipients’ objections. But the consequences of ambiguity for assessments of politicians’ credibility and voter intentions are negative. Furthermore, cause and effect processes leading to the formation of electoral support and connected with processing of information from political messages and from images are clearly different when a message is unambiguous and when a message is ambiguous.
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