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Kultura pomorska na terenie Rumi. W 110 rocznicę pierwszych odkryć

100%

Fudziński M., Muzeum Archeologiczne w Gdańsku

Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

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2001

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vol. 23 T.2

EN

Rumia is siluatcd in the north-west of Trójmiasto (Gdańsk, Gdynia, Sopot) and stretches along the border of two landscape forms: high edge of Pojezierze Kaszubskie highlands and Pradolina Kaszubska, that is the channel of Reda and vast heath regions known as Mostowe Biota (Bridge Mud) and Chylońskie swamps. In the article we present archaeological material uncovered in the territory of Rumia and belonging to the Pomeranian culture, coming from the Hallstatt and Laten period. The oldest documented in literature recovery took place in the year 1887 when accidental finds of chest graves (Ruinia, site no. 22), including numerous cinerary urns took place, the precise localisation o f the finding being unknown. Similar findings took place in the years 1907, 1908, 1913 and 1916. These were also accidental recoveries of chest graves. In the year 1922 archaeological expedition from Poznań conducted surface examinations in Rumia, and traces of settlement from the described periods were observed (Rumia, sites no. 19 and 20). In 1935 on the field called „Markowiec” (Rumia, site no. 1) a chest grave including eight face urns and a bulbous vessel were accidentally uncovered. The case of accidental finding of a few graves of Pomeranian culture population which took place in the year 1941 (Rumia, site no. 5) is also known. After the war findings of Pomeranian culture chest graves took place on the premises of the Metallurgical Plant in Zagórze, in the year 1950; near Sobieski street in the place known as „Biała Rzeka” (White River) where three chest graves were found, in the year 1954 (Rumia, site no. 21); and in a sand excavation situated near the road leading from Rumia to Gdynia, in the year 1957 (Rumia-Janowo, site no. 2). Further findings took place in the year 1970 (Rumia, site no. 18) and (Rumia-Janowo, site no. 4), in 1971-1972 (Rumia-Janowo, site no. 5), in 1979 on „Markowiec Hill” (Rumia, site no. 1) and again in 1985 r., (site no. 18). In the 80 ties surface examinations within the project of Archaeological Picture of Poland. The territory of Rumia is situated within two rectangulars: 7-41 and 7-42. Until now only one of them has been examined. Among newly uncovered sites our attention is focused on two settlements from the early Iron Age (site nos. 16 and 17). In the year 1996, during researches conducted in the church and cemetery in Church street (Rumia, site no. 24), at the depth of about 120 cm fragment of ceramics from early Iron Age was found. At present in Rumia there are nine sites known from Pomeranian culture finds. Apart from that archival information about earlier recoveries is known, and a part of the described there materials has been preserved. Their number will increase after the surface examinations on the territory covered by the rectangular 7-41 are conducted, where the western part of the town is situated. All the above sites belong to an observable in the decline of Hallstatt period microregion situated on the west of Kępa Oksywska and further in the direction of Gdynia and Gdańsk. This microregion is isolated from Pojezierze Kaszubskie macroregion.

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Naszyjnik brązowy pochodzący z okolic miejscowości Kębłowo

51%

Fudziński P., Staszewski S., Fudziński M.

Pomorania Antiqua

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2018

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vol. Tom XXVII

s. 203-208

EN

The issue of illegal search for artefacts and the activity of the so-called detectorists, unfortunately has its infamous continuation to this day. Their actions, though usually aimed at acquiring relics of the World War II , often lead to the discovery of various artefacts or even new archaeological sites. In 2016, the Voivodeship Office of the Cultural Heritage Protection in Gdańsk received information from a Pomeranian archaeologist about the discovery of a bronze necklace near the village of Kębłowo, Luzino commune. The area from which the find was to be originate is located in the northern part of the Pomeranian Voivodeship. It is also a fragment of the northern edge of the Kashubian Lake District. The artefact in question is a necklace, oval in shape, circular in cross section and dimensions: diameter 20.7 x 19.5 cm, cross-sectional thickness from 0.5 cm. up to 0.8 cm. Its rather unusual closed form, unparalleled in Pomeranian forms should be emphasised. The artefact discovered near Kębłowo could be in its form a closed necklace from a solid rod. The question remains whether it was cast and for some reason unfinished. The ball could be, for example, a bronze inlet place during casting the artefact in mould. For some reason, it was not removed later, and the ends of the artefact were not cut open. The artefact from Kębłowo in the absence of knowledge of the context of the discovery can be dated to the end of the Bronze Age and the beginning of the early Iron Age. The archaeological artefact in question, although it certainly has display values, unfortunately belongs to the group of so-called stray finds, i.e. the ones with no information about the original archaeological context.

PL

Poruszana w ostatnich latach problematyka nielegalnych poszukiwań zabytków i aktywności tzw. detektorystów, ma niestety do dziś swoją niechlubną kontynuację. Ich działania, choć zwykle nastawione na pozyskiwanie reliktów drugiej wojny światowej, często prowadzą jednak do odkrycia różnego rodzaju zabytków czy wręcz nowych stanowisk archeologicznych. W 2016 roku do Wojewódzkiego Urzędu Ochrony Zabytków w Gdańsku wpłynęła, przekazana przez jednego z pomorskich archeologów, informacja o odkryciu brązowego naszyjnika w okolicach miejscowości Kębłowo, gmina Luzino. Okolica, z której miało pochodzić znalezisko znajduje się w północnej części województwa pomorskiego. Jest to jednocześnie fragment północnego skraju Pojezierza Kaszubskiego. Opisywany zabytek to naszyjnik, kształtu owalnego, o okrągłym przekroju i wymiarach: średnica 20,7 x 19,5 cm, grubość przekroju od 0,5 cm. do 0,8 cm. Należy podkreślić jego dosyć nietypową zamkniętą formę, niespotykaną u form pomorskich. Zabytek odkryty niedaleko Kębłowa mógł być być w swojej formie naszyjnikiem zamkniętym z litego pręta. Otwartym pozostaje pytanie, czy został on odlany i z jakiś powodów nie dokończony. Kulka mogła być np. miejscem wlewu brązu podczas odlewania zabytku we formie. Z jakiś powodów nie została ona później usunięta, a końce zabytków rozcięte. Zabytek z Kębłowa wobec braku znajomości kontekstu odkrycia można datować na schyłek epoki brązu i początek wczesnej epoki żelaza. Przedmiotowy zabytek archeologiczny, jakkolwiek z całą pewnością posiada walory ekspozycyjne, należy niestety do grupy tzw. odkryć luźnych, czyli pozbawionych informacji na temat pierwotnego kontekstu archeologicznego.

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Siekierka z podniesionymi brzegami z okolic Kąpina

51%

Fudziński P., Przytarska E., Fudziński M.

Pomorania Antiqua

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2017

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vol. Tom XXVI

s. 71-78

EN

The artefact in question was handed over to the Pomeranian Heritage Conservator in Gdańsk in 2016. An anonymous finder has marked the approximate location of the artefact's discovery, in the forests north-west of Kąpino, to the south of Mała Piaśnica. The artefact itself is a very well-preserved specimen, with semicircular edge, lozenge-shaped in cross-section. Its dimensions are: length 16 cm, edge width 5.4 cm, width between flanges 2 cm, axe weight is 420 g. The axe from the Kąpino area should be typologically assigned to the flanged axes type (type Kłodzisko-Szpunar A., 1987, p. 58 ff., Plate 38A). Artefacts of this type are most often stray finds, for our country within the range of the pre-Lusatian culture and the Tumulus cultures (see Gedl M., 1975, p. 54). In the literature of the subject, their origins from Mecklenburg-Odra River area workshops are suggested (Bukowski Z., 1998, p. 141). Hence, it is where the provenance of our artefact should be sought. Its dating, in this situation quite general, should be determined as II/beginning of III Bronze Age period. The axe from the Kąpino area inscribes in a small settlement network known for this period. It was marked by finds of a few burial mounds, e.g. from Warzenko (Podgórski J., 1992, p. 200, Fig.1), or finds of individual metal objects, e.g. a spearhead from Tczew (Fudziński P., Fudziński M., 2014, p. 10, Fig. 1a), or an axe from Dębina (Kostrzewski J., 1922-1924, p. 203). It is also worth mentioning that this and similar artefacts (apart from the utility function) could have served as ritual items, which might be evidenced by numerous finds in marsh deposits (Blajer W., 2001, p. 90). In case of archaeological artefacts it is essential that their discovery must be accompanied by archaeological excavations. The lack of scientific recognition in the field largely deprives an artefact of its scientific and historical value. Therefore, more and more often in the conservation debate, it is stressed how difficult and complex is the process of archaeological artefacts protection.

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2 Pomorania Antiqua

1 Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Archaeologica

3 Fudziński M.

2 Fudziński P.

1 Muzeum Archeologiczne w Gdańsku

1 Przytarska E.

1 Staszewski S.

1 2018

1 2017

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Kultura pomorska na terenie Rumi. W 110 rocznicę pierwszych odkryć

Naszyjnik brązowy pochodzący z okolic miejscowości Kębłowo

Siekierka z podniesionymi brzegami z okolic Kąpina