Polityka innowacyjna stanowi jedną z najbardziej złożonych dziedzin polityki publicznej, realizowaną przede wszystkim na poziomie państw i regionów, ale także na poziomie ponadnarodowym. Przykład tej ostatniej stanowi polityka innowacyjna Unii Europejskiej, będąca jednym z kluczowych elementów polityki rozwoju gospodarczego UE. W pracy przedstawiono istotę i założenia współczesnej polityki innowacyjnej Unii, jej ewolucję, a także podjęto próbę odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy UE, dzięki proponowanym instrumentom polityki innowacyjnej, jest w stanie sprostać najważniejszym globalnym wyzwaniom gospodarczym, takim jak m.in. globalizacja czy rosnąca konkurencja międzynarodowa. W pracy przedstawiono także rekomendacje dla polityki innowacyjnej UE, w szczególności w kontekście sposobu zarządzania nią.
EN
Innovation policy is one of the most complex areas of public policy and it is implemented primarily at the level of countries and regions, but also at the supranational level. An example of the latter is the European Union innovation policy, which is one of the key elements of the EU economic development policy. The article presents the essence, assumptions and the evolution of the contemporary EU innovation policy, and it is an attempt to answer the question whether the EU, by means of the proposed innovation policy instruments, is able to meet the most important economic challenges, such as globalization or growing international competition. Moreover, the article presents recommendations for the EU innovation policy, in particular in the context of its management.
The present migration and refugee crises in Europe required not only operational and legal EU responses but also budgetary ones. Additionally, the EU has resorted to use funds allocated to external action for migration purposes much more extensively than ever. This has turned the authors’ attention to the external dimension of the EU migration and asylum budget. In a spirit of emergency accompanied with the urgent search for flexibility the following budgetary measures on the external side were proposed: two trust funds: the EU Emergency Trust Fund for Africa and Regional Trust Fund in Response to the Syrian Crisis along with the EU Facility for Refugees in Turkey. These actions had serious budgetary consequences since they resulted in establishment of new financial solutions and hence caused budget reorganisation, refocus and reprioritisation. The new external developments have not only introduced cash pooling but also diminished the role of the European Parliament at the expense of the European Commission’s one. Such an approach may have far-reaching consequences for the EU as it conveys new fl exibility, limits the role of the long-term programming and redefi nes the relationship between the EU and third countries.
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