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1

DECISION MAKING UNDER THE TIME PRESSURE IN REGARD TO PREFERRED COGNITIVE STYLE (ANALYTICAL-INTUITIVE) AND STUDY ORIENTATION

100%
Sarmany-Schuller I.
Studia Psychologica
|
2010
|
vol. 52
|
issue 4
285-290
EN
The correlation study focuses on the application of the possibility of assessment of characteristics of the cognitive style in the dimension Analytical - Intuitive (AI) to the performance of tasks of decision-making under the time pressure. Research was conducted with two groups of students with different study orientation (students of engineering, n = 75 and management, n = 96) and both men and women. It was used the questionnaire method, the Slovak version of CSI (Allinson, Hayes, 1996), to assess cognitive style (AI) and performance level of decision-making under the time pressure (Komarkova, 1993). Results showed a statistically significant relationship between the number of solved tasks and preference for intuitive cognitive style, r = - 0.18, p < 0.05 (evaluated for both groups of participants, n = 164); intuitive participants tackled more tasks under the time pressure than analytical, but this did not relate to the number of correct solutions (r = -0.13, ns) and incorrect solutions r = 0.006, ns. Also a statistically significant relationship between age of participants and number of solved tasks in the test of decision making under the time pressure (RCS) r = 0.23, p < 0.05, n = 164 (in both groups of participants) is interesting. The author considers this result only in a limited way due to the relatively same age or small difference in the age of participants.
2

EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND DECISION-MAKING OF FEMALE STUDENTS OF SOCIAL WORK IN THE IOWA GAMBLING TASK

63%
Pilarik L., Sarmany-Schuller I.
Studia Psychologica
|
2009
|
vol. 51
|
issue 4
319-328
EN
The aim of the research was to verify the correlation between emotional intelligence and decision-making in the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) conducted on a non-clinical sample. Our research is based on neuropsychological results that show the functional link between the cortex areas processing emotions and managing decision-making. The somatic marker hypothesis describes a decisional process through marker arising during bioregulation. The bioregulative processes have the form of emotions and feelings, whereas it is assumed that the somatic marker hypothesis overlaps with emotional intelligence. The research sample of 174 female students was administered the electronic form of the Iowa Gambling Task and the Emotional Intelligence Test (EQTM). A positive relation was found between emotion awareness and the number of advantageous card choices in the IGT. At the same time a negative relation was found between the present situation as an EQTM zone and the number of advantageous choices in the IGT. The results interpretation follows the use of emotions as information in the decision-making process in complex situations and uncertainty.
3

PERSONALITY PREDICTORS OF DECISION-MAKING OF MEDICAL RESCUERS

63%
Pilarik L., Sarmany-Schuller I.
Studia Psychologica
|
2011
|
vol. 53
|
issue 2
175-184
EN
The aim of research was to assess the predictive power of selected personality factors that are related to emotions in the decision-making process of paramedics. The focus of this study lies in emotional intelligence according to the model of Cooper and Sawaf (1997), styles of decision-making according to the Theory of Cognitive and Experiential Self (Epstein, 2003), Stroop's resilience and Big Five personality traits as possible predictors of decision-making of paramedics. 92 paramedics participated in the study which employed the Iowa Gambling Task, EQTM map, Stroop test, Rational-Experiential Inventory and NEO-FFI. The authors determined gender specifications of the predictors of decision-making of paramedics. In paramedics (men), it was possible to predict appropriate decision-making based on emotional stability, extraversion and quick reactions in the Stroop test. Appropriate decision-making of female paramedics could be predicted based on two zones of emotional intelligence (low emotional awareness and positive current conditions) and on quick reactions in the Stroop test. The obtained results are interpreted with respect to specific gender expectations within the paramedic profession and the ability to resist negative emotions in the decision-making process.
4

FLUCTUATING PERCEPTION OF SELECTED RISK SITUATIONS WITH RESPECT TO HORMONAL CHANGES DURING MENSTRUAL CYCLE

63%
Sukolova D., Sarmany-Schuller I.
Studia Psychologica
|
2011
|
vol. 53
|
issue 1
3-12
EN
The aim of the study was to relate the findings concerning hormonal changes during a menstrual cycle to the area of risk perception and evaluation. Evaluation mediators, which take part in risk perception in both genders but are nonetheless inter-sexually different, have become an issue of primary interest. Women base their judgments on the probability of negative outcome, whereas men only lose their willingness to undertake risk when a serious injury is conceivable. This is a consequence of certain reproduction advantages that men are aware of when undertaking risk as well as the resulting feelings of pleasure brought by risk-taking. It is our assumption that during the fertile period the seriousness of a negative outcome plays a role of primary relevance. In a questionnaire of our own design 331 women between 19 and 26 years of age evaluated specific risky situations that encompassed potential reproduction advantages. Our findings indicate that the perception mediator whose level in this case approaches that of men, due to potential benefits from the risky situation and increased feelings of pleasure, is a specific feature of the fertile period. The evaluated seriousness of injury becomes crucial in the process of risk evaluation.
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