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Legal and Political Determinants of Implementation of the Principle of Subsidiarity in the Federal Republic of Germany

100%
Wroniszewska B.
Polish Political Science Yearbook
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2015
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vol. 44
238-267
EN
It is not surprising that subsidiarity is very often discussed with autonomy and federation (equally multidimensional concepts, similarly discussed in science). It is clearly evident taking into account, for example, results of analysis of the key words (tags) in scientific publications. The European Union has significantly contributed in popularizing of the concept so it is no surprise that strongly linked with EU's problems has become a central point of the discussion of its organizational structure and internal relationships between forming elements. It is difficult to imagine analysis of the conditions for implementing of subsidiarity in Germany without prior presentation of the state political system's solutions. Studying the structure and functioning of public administration enables to identify the place and role of the local government, to measure degree of independence of the local authority as a central point of discussion in relation to the subsidiarity.
2
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A BORDERLAND AND THE LOCAL AUTHORITY

63%
Ganowicz E., Wroniszewska B.
Polish Political Science Yearbook
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2014
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vol. 43
84-107
EN
There is no doubt that the border is a place of power – a local authority. In its essence it involves the existence of a distinct interest in forming a borderland community. This interest is reflected in the institutional form of local government, under which the local authority is exercised. Borderland is always a political force and determines the specificity of power in a given area, often determining systemic solutions in the country. It is obvious that a large role is played by the border strength with which they articulated their needs and the general conditions of political organization within which it operates (system, historical traditions, etc.). In the radically different circumstances, the local government operates in ethnically homogenous Poland. It’s not the borderland who has forced decentralization and the need for efficient governance of new political conditions. The needs of the Borderland, at first loudly articulated, have been met mostly by legislation protecting ethnic and national minorities. However, of significance is the example of the Silesian Autonomy Movement as the identity of the Borderland, which is still not satisfied with his own status. Within the framework of the homogeneous state, there are many opportunities for the borderland to participate in the exercise of local authority. Although the administrative division takes into account the principle of diversity of socio- cultural variety of the country, the administration is a standardized, three-tier system that coexists with government in the area. Each level has a decision-making council or Regional Council in the province and a Board as an executive body. The councils, the Regional Councils and the executive authorities in the municipalities are elected by the local community. Similarly, the tasks are divided equally and harmonized powers, and rules governing the relationship between the administrations in all directions. There is no hierarchical subordination here, the activity is under the protection of the courts of general jurisdiction and is subject to the administrative jurisdiction. The control and supervision of the activities are intended only to verify compliance with the law.
3
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Стратегии борьбы политических партий в период выборов в Городское собраниe города Бремена с 1947 по 2011 гг.

63%
Wroniszewska B., Gwóźdź S.
Nowa Polityka Wschodnia
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2014
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vol. 2(7)
42-52
EN
The work Fri: “Strategies in competitive political parties in elections the Assembly of Citizens of Bremen in the years 1947–2011 “the authors analyze the voting behavior, the balance of power and the changes taking place in the Assembly of Citizens of Bremen on the sixty-four years. The hypothesis, which has been subjected to verification implies that the evolution and even late in the existing balance of power party Meeting in Bremen Citizens can speak after the election, which took place in May 2011. The work was divided into two parts, the first author addressed the analysis of the political system of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen, and other strategies rywalizacyjnymi political parties in the elections to the Assembly of Citizens of Bremen. The first part will be devoted to the specifics, described the status of the region, the relationship between the government and the historical circumstances and constitutional Bremen. The second will focus on the analysis of the political scene, the results of ongoing since 1947 elections and the why in May 2011 can be considered as a breakthrough in this matter.
RU
В работе под названием „Стратегии борьбы политических партий в период выборов в Городское собрание города Бремена с 1947 по 2011 гг.” Авторы анализируют поведения в период выборов, расстановку сил, а также изменения происходящие в Городском собрании на протяжении шестидесяти четырех лет. Гипотеза, которая была подвергнута проверке, предполагает, что об эволюции или даже переломе в существующей до сих пор расстановке партийных сил в Городском собрании Бремена, можно говорить после выборов, которые состоялись в мае 2011 г. Работа состоит из двух частей, в первой авторы занялись анализом политического устройства „Свободного Ганзейского города Бремена”, а во второй, стратегиями соперничества политических партий в период выборов в Городское собрание Бремена. Первая часть будет посвящена специфике, статусу данного региона, взаимоотношениям властей, а также историческим и конституционным нормам Бремена. Тогда как вторая часть будет сосредоточена на анализе политической сцены, результатах выборов с 1947 г. и на причинах по которым май 2011 г. считается переломным в выборной сфере.
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THE RIVALRY STRATEGIES OF POLITICAL PARTIESIN ELECTIONS TO THE ASSEMBLY OF CITIZENS OF THE FREE AND HANSEATIC CITY OF HAMBURG

63%
Wroniszewska B., Ganowicz E.
Polish Political Science Yearbook
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2013
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vol. 42
109-138
EN
The author undertakes to discuss the problem of rivalry strategies of political parties in elections to the Citizens’ Assembly of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg. The broadness and multidimensional character of the subject area requires moving beyond the limits of political science and entering other related domains, like broadly-conceived historical sciences, also reaching for a number of establishments within legal-historical domains. Firmly grounded historical, legal, polity-related and political aspects of the unification of Germany in the context of German federalism, encouraged and obligated the author, to attempt to bring the above problem up to date. I think that thanks to a broader analysis of elections to the Hamburg Citizens’ Assembly over the last 50 years, the real state of the problem area can acquire a fuller context, with an emphasis on the foundations of local government functioning. To prepare this paper I made use of Polish and German sources published by Polish, American and German researchers. Polish and German literature offered a valuable source to become acquainted with the history and the foreseeable future of Hamburg’s local government, in particular – the assumptions behind territorial and functional reforms, the evolution of which we have been able to follow in the Federal Republic of Germany since the 1970s.
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