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Wyeksponowany motyw Wyjścia w Mk 6,45-52

100%
Stefański J.
Studia Gdańskie
|
2019
|
issue 44
29-47
PL
Św. Marek używa motywu Wyjścia w swojej Ewangelii, aby ukazać związek między różnymi wydarzeniami w życiu Jezusa, Mojżesza oraz Izraelitów od czasu ich pobytu w Egipcie do zakończenia wędrowania na pustyni. Wydarzenie kroczenia Chrystusa po wodach Jeziora Galilejskiego zawiera szczegóły znajdujące się tylko w Ewangelii Marka i mogą one być lepiej zrozumiane w kontekście Wyjścia. To spostrzeżenie jest szczególnie ważne wówczas, gdy wybrane wyrażenia greckie w Mk 6,45-52 są analizowane w świetle Septuaginty oraz wybranych przekładów Nowego Testamentu na język hebrajski. Czynności, które normalnie mogą być trudne do wyjaśnienia – jak np. zamierzone przejście Chrystusa obok Apostołów po jeziorze – stają się bardziej czytelne w świetle starotestamentowego motywu Wyjścia.
EN
Saint Mark uses the Exodus motif in his Gospel to show the connection between various events in the life of Jesus, Moses and the people of Israel from their time in Egypt until the end of their sojourn in the desert. The episode of Christ walking on the waters of the Sea of Galilee contains various details unique to Mark’s Gospel which can be better explained when placed in the context of the Old Testament Exodus event. This is made especially clear when various Greek expressions in Mk 6,45-52 are examined in light of both the Septuagint and selected translations of the New Testament into Hebrew. Details which would be otherwise difficult to explain – such as the Lord passing the Apostles by on the lake – become better understood in light of the Exodus event in its various stages in the Old Testament.
2
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Odkryć Chrystusa przez hebrajskie słowa Psalmu 22 na Golgocie

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Stefański J.
Studia Gdańskie
|
2015
|
issue 37
37-49
PL
Coraz częściej można spotkać się z przekonaniem, że Pan Jezus – podobnie jak współcześni mu Żydzi w Palestynie – posługiwał się na co dzień nie tylko językiem aramejskim, ale również hebrajskim. Ewangeliści Mateusz i Marek podają pierwsze słowa Psalmu 22, przypisując je Jezusowi konającemu na krzyżu. Można przypuszczać, że Chrystus wiszący na krzyżu modlił się słowami psalmu, i to nie tylko w języku aramejskim, ale również w języku hebrajskim. W związku z powyższym analiza hebrajskiego tekstu Psalmu odsłania niuanse, które można odnieść do Osoby Syna Bożego podczas Jego męki. Wśród nich należy zauważyć nawiązanie do macierzyństwa, które w zestawieniu z rolą Matki Jezusa w Nowym Testamencie wpisuje się w maryjny wymiar męki Mesjasza. Słowa Psalmu rzucają też światło na mękę Chrystusa nie tylko pod względem fizycznym, ale również duchowym w odniesieniu np. do zdrady Judasza. W końcu hebrajski tekst Psalmu odsłania jego liturgiczny wymiar do tego stopnia, że można dostrzec w nim aluzje do Mszy świętej i jej owoców w życiu Kościoła.
EN
There is a growing conviction among exegetes that Jesus used the Hebrew language on a daily basis in addition to Aramaic, as did the Jews of His time in Palestine. This can serve as an incentive to a reexamination of the Hebrew masoretic text of Psalm 22 which might have been recited in its entirety by the Lord on the Cross. Most importantly, as Christ was dying, He could have prayed this Psalm not only in Aramaic, but at least partially in Hebrew as well. An analysis of the Hebrew text reveals details which shed light on the Lord’s Passion. One important detail is the subtle reference to motherhood in the Psalm which, in light of the role of the Mother of God in the New Testament, can be seen as the Marian dimension of Christ’s Passion. Other conclusions derived from numerous Hebrew words and expressions in the Psalm point not only to the physical aspect of the Savior’s suffering, but to its spiritual dimension as well. Finally, there are some liturgical allusions in the Psalm, which can parallel various parts of the Mass and even foreshadow the fruits of Christ’s Sacrifice in the life of the Church.
3
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VIII przykazanie Dekalogu na tle koncepcji świadectwa i świadka w tekstach legislacyjnych Starego Testamentu

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Stefański J.
Verbum Vitae
|
2015
|
vol. 27
21-46
EN
The Eighth Commandment forbids bearing false witness, which falls under the general category of lying. Why, then, doesn’t the Decalogue forbid lying in general? A thorough analysis of the Eighth Commandment sheds light on the problem: deceitful speech is primarily an act against God who has revealed Himself as the God of truth, always faithful to His word. This way lying becomes similar not only to the Second Commandment regarding taking the Lord’s name in vain, but even to the profanation of the Sabbath. After all, keeping the Lord’s Day holy is a testimony to the Creator’s authority over creation. Since man was created in the image and likeness of God who is the source of all truth, any use of deceitful speech distorts the image of God which one bears in himself. Such distortion always constitutes a false testimony (bearing false witness) to the perfection and truthfulness that characterize all of God’s actions, including His work of creation. Moreover, when a member of the Covenant community bears false witness against his neighbor, his deceitful speech is all the more deplorable, because he both distorts the image of the Creator in himself and also shatters the sacred trust which flows from the bond upon which the people of God rely in their daily dealings with one another. The harsh consequences and penalties imposed against those who bear false witness stand as a testimony to the seriousness of destroying the sacred covenantal trust between God and man when lying takes place. In a way, every truth is a reflection of the Lord who is the Divine Truth. With St. Thomas Aquinas one can say that every truth-telling shows reverence for our Lord Jesus Christ who is the Way, the Truth and the Life.
4
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KIERUNKI ROZWOJU ŻYCIA KONSEKROWANEGO – WIZJA PRZYSZŁOŚCI

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Stefański J.
Studia Ełckie
|
2017
|
vol. 19
|
issue numer specjalny
521 - 532
EN
Consecrated persons are to point the way to God and to bear witness by their own life to the existence of eternal life. For that reason such persons can-not allow their interior life to lose its supernatural dimension. Yet this is the kind of loss which takes place when spiritual progress is turned into a psycho-logical quest. Such is the consequence of moving the formational process in religious life from virtues to feelings. It causes the candidate to religious life to develop a relativistic worldview, with the end result being the further protestantization of Catholicism as a move toward a horizontal faith based on feeling and subjective experience of the faith. Only a return to virtues in an evangelical life immersed in the Beatitudes can lead to the revitalization of religious life and the increase of its attractiveness. A return to virtues will equip the consecrated person with the tools needed to face all trials and tribulations.
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