In the article the author presents rossica (Russicisms and Sovieticisms) in the function of political invective in the three periods of the history of Polish political communication (1919-1939, 1945-1989, 1989-today).
Inn the article the Polish fates of the lexeme stakhanovite (стахановец) and the concept of „the exemplary front-rank worker”, which were imported from the USSR after the World War II. The Polish history of this word is very dynamic, and semantics and pragmatics are changeable and contradictory. Referring to the lexical data and some of the contemporary texts, in the Polish history of the concept and lexeme the author singles out three periods. They correspond to the three stages of formation of the semantics and pragmatics of this lexeme and to the ways of its functioning in the texts. Serving at the beginning, the communisti propaganda in the early nineties the Polish stakha novite (стахановец) started to be used in the negative (ironical and humorous contexts), and nowadays as a result of the activization of some semes it tends to gains the informational neutrality and is even sometimes used with a positive attitude.
This article contains the attempt to determine the linguistic status of the word nieudacznik (Russian: неудачник; English: loser) and to describe the Polish concept of „nieudacznik” and its axiological circle.
This article is an attempt to answer the question, in what way Rossica (various references to Russia and Soviet Union) are used as a tool of current political conflict in contemporary Poland and in what way and to what degree negative stereotype of Moscow was created in Polish right-wing political discourse. The research of Polish media proved that this stereotype is based on some components of denotative meaning of the toponym Moscow ‘the capital of Russia and former Soviet Union’ and the invariant of this meaning ‘the centre of Russian and (before) Soviet politics’. This stereotype is supported, on the one hand, by strong selfstereotype of a Pole as a “bearer” of freedom and civilisation of the West as opposed to Russian despotism and Asianism, and on the other hand − by politically pronounced anti- Russianism. In the author’s opinion, the source of such attitude is the broad paradigm of Polish − Russian relations. He believes that the reason for negative connotations and contexts of numerous usages of Rossica in Polish texts can also be explained in this dimension.