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DIFÚZIA ALEBO SPOLOČNÉ KULTÚRNE DEDIČSTVO? TRIADICKÉ ANTROPOMORFNÉ, ZOOMORFNÉ, HYBRIDNÉ, ORNITOANTROPOMORFNÉ A ORNITOMORFNÉ ZOBRAZENIA V STREDOEURÓPSKEJ, NORDICKEJ A EGEJSKEJ DOBE BRONZOVEJ

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Jelínek P.
Slovenská archeológia (Slovak Archaeology)
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2021
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vol. 69
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issue 2
259 - 286
EN
The paper selects a comparison of triadic motifs in the Central European, Nordic and East Mediterranean cultural circles, represented mainly by the Minoan and Mycenaean culture. The subject of the analysis is the anthropomorphic, zoomorphic and ornitomorphic forms, as well as their hybrid forms. The aim of the analysis is to point out the similarities and differences of selected iconographic types, as well as their use in the individual monitored areas, which should prove their cultural belonging and mutual influence or, conversely, their independence as symbolic systems. Triadic compositions occur in all three areas during the Bronze Age. Upon closer inspection, one may observe differences that raise the question of whether they may have spread by diffusion from a single centre or, conversely, prove the independence of the three symbolic systems based on a common cultural heritage.
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O jednom „náleze storočia“ – ohliadnutie sa za teóriami Jozefa Paulíka o náboženstve doby bronzovej

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Jelínek P.
Zborník Slovenského národného múzea Archeológia
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2022
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issue 116
21-45
EN
This paper focuses on a deconstructive analysis of the theories concerning Bronze Age religion formulated by the Slovak researcher J. Paulík. On the basis of a zoomorphic sculptural find from Devín, Paulík elaborated the widest and apparently most sophisticated view on Bronze Age religion within the frame of Slovak archaeology. He was mainly supported by the theory of E. Sprockhoff about the origin of the Dorians in the Carpathian Basin and by the theory of Urmonotheismus. The conception of our study is based on a certain modification of a book by D. L. Pals (Eight Theories of Religion). This paper includes a brief curriculum and some information about the work of J. Paulík, his theory and the starting points for theory formulation. The object of critical review is notably the analysis of his article “A Contribution to Cult of Bronze Age II. The Main Sacral Image of Bronze Age and its Cult-Historical Transformations”. Documentation and interpretation relating to the figural find are also critically analysed. In the “discussion” part I present my interpretation of the figurine. Finally, I assess the religious theories of J. Paulík as obsolete, but still inspiring for further research.
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