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PL
Od kilku lat można zaobserwować dynamiczne zmiany natury regulacyjnej i technologicznej, które mają duży wpływ na marże i zyskowność w sektorze bankowości detalicznej. Przy pojawiającej się presji rynkowej na konsolidację w polskim sektorze bankowym, coraz większe znaczenie ma prawidłowa ocena projektów inwestycyjnych w kontekście ich wyceny. Jedną z metod wspomagających wycenę projektu jest podejście szacowania długookresowej wartości klienta – CLV (Customer Lifetime Value). W pracy przytoczono różne podejścia do szacowania CLV oraz opisano przykład szacowania wskaźnika na gruncie polskim.
EN
For several years, there have been observed some dynamic changes of the regulatory and technological nature, that have a large impact on margins and profitability in retail banking. With emerging market pressure for consolidation in the Polish banking sector, it is increasingly important to properly assess the investment project in the context of their valuation. One of the methods supporting the valuation of the project is the CLV (Customer Lifetime Value) approach. The paper presents different approaches to estimating CLV and describes an estimation of the indicator in the Polish market.
EN
Local government units in Poland are obliged to improve the quality of life of their inhabitants concerning rules of sustainable development. The study described in the article is intended to measure the relative efficiency of management including examination of the relationship between various inputs and outputs in local government units. The analysis in the paper shows efficiency differences between local governments in comparison with sub-region leaders (group frontiers) and region leaders (meta-frontiers). The division into sub-regions and regions was made according to NUTS classification. The measurement of inputs and outputs in local government management units was based on indicators of sustainable development from SAS (Local Government Research System) database. Apart from static comparison (for a particular year) the main purpose of the article is to show changes of efficiency in 5 years horizon with application of dynamic meta-frontier approach. The outcome of the analysis made it possible to indicate some reference points (benchmarks), which may contribute to improve the efficiency of management in the local government units in Poland under research. The concepts delivered in the paper are employed for the purpose of assessing growth performance of local governments using a data set covering 128 cities in period 2006-2010.
PL
W artykule przedstawiono wydatki samorządów na rodzinną pieczę zastępczą w aspekcie ich koncentracji przestrzennej. Głównym celem badania jest uchwycenie regionalnych różnic w finansowaniu rodzinnej pieczy zastępczej w Polsce. W badaniu zastosowano współczynnik lokalizacji LQ oraz analizę shift-share. W wyniku badania stwierdzono przestrzenne zróżnicowanie funkcjonowania pomocy społecznej w zakresie rodzinnej pieczy zastępczej w Polsce.
EN
This article presents local government expenditures on family foster care in terms of their spatial concentration. The main aim of the study is to capture regional differences in the financing of family foster care in Poland. The location quotient and the shift-share analysis were applied in the study. The spatial disparities in the functioning of social assistance, in terms of foster family care, in Poland have been detected. These differences are caused by higher revenues for budgets, resulting in major additions to social benefits.
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