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Robotnik na wynagrodzeniu w Ml 3,5 jako symbol kryzysu społecznego w i poł. V w. przed Chr.

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Zawadzki A.

Verbum Vitae

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2014

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vol. 25

81-102

XX

The main aim of the article is to illustrate the social crisis in the 5th century BC, whose symbol in Mal 3,5 is a hireling working for wages. The grammatical and syntactic analysis of the expression Sekar-Säkîr helps to elucidate the situation of the hireling in the 5th century BC brought almost to the status of slave. The editorial addition, identifiable in Mal 3,1-5, is in turn the evidence of attempt to incorporate the original prophecy of Malachi in the process of extinguishing the embers of the social crisis.

2

Dawidowe świadectwo o Bożym przebaczeniu w Iz 55,3-5 na tle wewnętrznych rozterek judejskich wygnańców (lata 550-539 przed Chr.)

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Zawadzki A.

Verbum Vitae

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2015

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vol. 27

95-117

EN

The article tries to describe the theology of David’s testimony in Isaiah 55:3-5 in light of its historical background, to wit the last decade of the Babylonian exile, and in relation to the internal quandary of Judean Exiles. The study undertakes an inquiry into the question of whether the eternal covenant in Isaiah 55:3-5 is the continuation of the Sinaitic Covenant, or rather does its content go beyond the Mosaic Law, creating a totally new relationship of God with Israel. The study also draws attention to the existence of a redactional addition, which shifts the weight of the original message from a revanchist Judeo-centrism toward the irenic ethno-centrism typical of the Book of Jonah.

3

Jahwe jako „prędki świadek” w Ml 3,5b. Niezwłoczność Bożego działania w obliczu kryzysu tożsamości religijnej Izraela na początku V w. przed Chr.

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Zawadzki A.

Verbum Vitae

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2015

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vol. 28

181-209

EN

The article aims at the exegetical analysis of the imagery of God as a “swift witness” (Malachi 3:5b), against a backdrop of the Jewish biblical, inter-testamental and rabbinic traditions. By its reference to the deuteronomistic institution of the witness, which guaranteed the observance of the Sinaitic covenant, the image implicitly indicates a crisis of religious identity, as well as the crisis of the insti-tutions connected with the temple – which were supposed to safeguard and cultivate this identity. The image of God as a “swift witness” who comes to his temple to execute judgment on those who break the Covenant, and to inaugurate the ultimate era of justice, is the prophet’s answer to all those who harbor doubt about God’s justice.

PL

Celem artykułu jest analiza egzegetyczna obrazu Boga „prędkiego świadka” (Ml 3,5b) na tle żydow-skiej tradycji biblijnej, międzytestamentalnej i rabinicznej. Przez nawiązanie do deuteronomistycznej instytucji świadka, gwarantującej przestrzeganie Przymierza synajskiego, obraz implicite wskazuje na kryzys tożsamości religijnej i tych instytucji, skupionych wokół świątyni, które miały tej tożsamo-ści strzec i ją pielęgnować. Obraz Boga „prędkiego świadka”, który przybywa do swej świątyni, żeby wykonać wyrok na łamiących Przymierze i zainaugurować definitywną erę sprawiedliwości, jest odpowiedzią, jakiej prorok udziela wątpiącym w Bożą sprawiedliwość.

4

Poetyckie przesłanie Zbigniewa Herberta i problem jego chrześcijańskiej proweniencji

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Zawadzki A.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2014

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vol. 23

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issue 4

33-62

EN

The paper intends to show the way in which Z. Herbert presents in his works the paschal mystery of Jesus Christ, by the virtue of which the Christian redemption took place. Is the meaning of „redemption” in Herbert’s poetry to be identified with the one presented in biblical theology? To answer that question the author of the article discusses five poems that speak about the Passion of Christ (Namarginesie procesu, Męczeństwo Naszego Pana malowane przez Anonima z kręgów mistrzów nadreńskich, Hakeldama, Rozmyślania Pana Cogito o odkupieniu, Domysły na temat Barabasza). There the references to the core of Christian faith are very clear. Special attention should be paid, however, to poetical allusions that also show Herbert’s personal approach to the Christian message.

5

Przypowieść o dziesięciu pannach (Mt 25, 1–13) w żywej tradycji Kościoła. Studium egzegetyczno-teologiczne

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Zawadzki A.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2019

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vol. 28

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issue 4

83-120

EN

The main objective of this article is to confront a complex exegesis history of the parable of ten virgins (Matt 25:1–13) with contemporary attempts to understand it with the application of historicalcritical method. The historical-critical method presents a number of issues from the area of text criticism and editorial process, which have influenced the understanding of the parable throughout the ages. The most important questions concerns the identity of the Bridegroom: is this Jesus or a personalization of social injustice?

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Sylwetka i funkcja prezbitera w pierwszych wspólnotach chrześcijańskich na podstawie autentycznych listów św. Pawła. Lata 50–67 po Chr.

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Zawadzki A.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2016

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vol. 25

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issue 3

25-42

EN

This article aims to present a short and clear presentation of ministerial priesthood in seven authentic letters by St Paul and his speech to the elders in Ephesus (Acts 20:14-28). Although St Paul does not write directly about ministerial priesthood (in his authentic letters we cannot find such terms as hiereus or hierateuma) the notion of mediation and sanctification (hagiasmos), which is typical of priestly service, is very distinct in the first Christian communities. Undoubtedly a reader of Paul’s letters is struck by a big accumulation of cultic and temple terminology which is typical of the Old Testament cult and its transfer to the most secular spheres of Christian life, which can be described as real liturgy. Starting from “liturgy of life” the author presents the subject of ministerial priesthood based on the original Pauline thought. The analysis of the most significant pericope helps us to understand the most important elements of ministerial priesthood according to St Paul and their short characteristics.

IT

Il presente articolo si prefigge lo scopo di presentare una breve panoramica sul sacerdozio nell’ambito delle lettere autentiche di Paolo e del discorso ai presbiteri di Efeso (At 20,14–38). Sebbene in Paolo non si parla mai di sacerdozio (non vi si trova il termine hiereus né hierateuma), tuttavia l’idea di una mediazione e santificazione (hagiasmos) nell’ambito delle primitive comunità cristiane vi riemerge con forza. Sorprende senza dubbio che la terminologia cultuale, tipica del culto veterotestamentario, venga trasferita agli aspetti più profani della vita cristiana che non a caso può essere chiamata una vera e propria liturgia. È partendo da questa “liturgia della vita” che è possibile impostare un discorso sul sacerdozio in Paolo. Prendendo le mosse dalle pericopi più significative vengono enucleati e brevemente interpretati gli elementi più salienti del sacerdozio paulino.

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Gioele e Amos in dialogo secondo Massimiliano Scandroglio

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Zawadzki A.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2014

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vol. 23

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issue 4

121-127

PL

Artykuł jest próbą zrecenzowania książki Massimiliano Scandroglio Gioele e Amos in dialogo. Inserzioni redazionali di collegamento e aperture interpretative, opublikowanej nakładem Gregorian&Biblical Press w 2011 r. Książka wpisuje się w dość popularny w dzisiejszej biblistyce nurt egzegezy intertekstualnej, która jest nową odsłoną starej metody porównawczej, badającej związki i zależności pomiędzy poszczególnymi księgami biblijnymi i tym samym proces ich powstawania. Scandroglio skupia swoją uwagę przede wszystkim na rozdziale 4. Księgi Joela i konfrontuje go z rozdziałami 1. i 9. Księgi Amosa. De facto, wnikliwej analizie intertekstualnej zostają poddane następujące perykopy: Jl 4, 1–3/Am 9, 13–15; Jl 4, 4–8/Am 1, 3–2,16; Jl 4, 9–17/Am 1, 2; Jl 4, 18–2/Am 9, 13–15. Ponadto wychodząc od literackich związków między dwoma prorokami, Autor stara się uchwycić podobieństwa i różnice w ich przesłaniu teologicznym, czemu poświęcona jest druga część książki. Na uwagę czytelnika zasługuje przede wszystkim obszerna analiza dwóch teologicznych tematów, a mianowicie motyw „Dnia Pańskiego” i relacja Izraela z obcymi narodami. W Zakończeniu Autor stara się ukazać metodę intertekstualną w jej historycznym rozwoju i wpływ, jaki ma ona obecnie na egzegezę Księgi Joela i Amosa.

IT

La tesi dottorale di Massimiliano Scandroglio Gioele e Amos in dialogo. Inserzioni redazionali di collegamento e aperture interpretative, difesa al Pontificio Istituto Biblico di Roma il 4 giugno 2010, è uno studio articolato in due parti: nella prima parte il capitolo 4 di Gioele viene messo a confronto con alcuni versetti dei capitoli 1 e 9 del libro di Amos. I titoli dei rispettivi capitoli si riferiscono alle seguenti pericopi: Gl 4, 1–3 → Am 9, 13–15; Gl 4, 4–8 → Am 1, 3–2, 16; Gl 4, 9–17 → Am 1, 2; Gl 4, 18–21 → Am 9, 13–15, sebbene de facto ne vengano studiati soltanto alcuni versetti o espressioni. Dopo l’analisi dei versetti scelti, fatta nella prima parte del libro, l’Autore – nella seconda – propone una serie di riflessioni su due temi (il Giorno di JHWH in Gl 1, 15–20; 2, 1–11; 3, 1–5; 4, 1–3.9–17 e in Am 2, 6–16; 6, 1–7; 9, 1–4; 5, 18–20; e il rapporto tra Israele e le nazioni in Gl 4 e in Am 1–2; 3, 1–2; 6, 1–7; 9, 7–10), che costituiscono, a suo dire, “la base tematica”, su cui Gioele entra in dialogo con Amos. Nella Conclusione (pp. 339–367) viene offerta la panoramica generale sul cosiddetto “approccio intertestuale” e sulle conseguenze che esso ha per l’esegesi di Gioele ed Amos. Alla fine si trovano Bibliografia, Indice biblico e Indice degli autori.

EN

This article attempts to review a book by Massimiliano Scandroglio Gioele e Amos in dialogo. Inserzioni redazionali di collegamento e aperture interpretative which was published by Gregorian&Biblical Press w 2011. This book forms a part of the trend of intertextual exegesis which is popular in contemporary Bible studies. It is a new version of the old comparative method which researches the relations and interdependencies between individual books of the Bible and consequently the process of their formation. Scandroglio focuses mostly on the chapters 4 of the book of Joel and 1 and 9 of Amos. He thoroughly analyses the following excerpts: Jl 4, 1–3/Am 9, 13–15; Jl 4, 4–8/Am 1, 3–2, 16; Jl 4, 9–17/Am 1, 2; Jl 4, 18–2/Am 9, 13–15. Starting from literary connections between the two prophets, the author tries to find similarities and differences in their theological message and he devotes the second part of his book to this subject. Two theological subjects are particularly noteworthy: the topic of the Day of the Lord and the relation between Israel and gentile nations. In conclusion the author tries to present the intersexual method, its historic development and the influence which it currently has on the exegesis of the books of Joel and Amos.

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Pierwotny Kościół w konfrontacji do świata pogańskiego w świetle pism Nowego Testamentu

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Zawadzki A.

Łódzkie Studia Teologiczne

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2017

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vol. 26

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issue 3

109-144

EN

A particular attitude of the Early Church to pagans resulted from a “theological necessity” to proclaim the Gospel to all people (Mt 29:19). This universal aspect of early Christianity is often present in the New Testament (1 Tm 2:3). The analysis of some texts (Acts 13:13–52; 1 Cor 8:1–13; Gal 2:2–5:14) shows that mission among pagans was based on three theological premises: logic of God’s plan of salvation, knowledge of God revealed in Jesus Christ and the truth of the Gospel. They are exegetically presented and explained. Further we presented these aspects of pagan religiosity which would lead to conflicting situations with Christian communities: propriety/ impropriety of Christians eating pagan sacrifices (1 Cor 8:1–13), uncertainty about future and desire for ecstatic experiences and spiritual gifts (1 Cor 12–13) and unbelief in body resurrection. Explaining those aspects, the author attempts to present historical and cultural background of pagan religiosity based on the works of ancient writers. Another element of confrontation of New Testament writers with pagans is their constant stigmatizing of immoral pagan life. It is done both in many lists of offences, which include mainly sexual sins (generally called πορνεία) and in criticizing concrete immoral attitudes and desires (e.g. incest and homosexuality). Also pedophilia, though it is not directly listed in the New Testament, was very common in the pagan world and it completes the image of moral pagan corruption and undoubtedly could have been classified by saint Paul as sexual depravity – πορνεία (Ro 1:26-27). Finally, we confronted the attitude to manual labor in Jewish culture and in Greco-Roman culture. In Jewish culture we can talk about work ethos, which gave material means for support and did not disturb more spiritual work, such as studying the Torah. In Greco-Roman culture manual work was despised. That resulted from a dominant humanistic ideal (Greek παιδεία, Latin otium), which demanded a total dedication to intellectual and personal development. Manual work was left for slaves.

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Robotnik na wynagrodzeniu w Ml 3,5 jako symbol kryzysu społecznego w i poł. V w. przed Chr.

Dawidowe świadectwo o Bożym przebaczeniu w Iz 55,3-5 na tle wewnętrznych rozterek judejskich wygnańców (lata 550-539 przed Chr.)

Jahwe jako „prędki świadek” w Ml 3,5b. Niezwłoczność Bożego działania w obliczu kryzysu tożsamości religijnej Izraela na początku V w. przed Chr.

Poetyckie przesłanie Zbigniewa Herberta i problem jego chrześcijańskiej proweniencji

Przypowieść o dziesięciu pannach (Mt 25, 1–13) w żywej tradycji Kościoła. Studium egzegetyczno-teologiczne

Sylwetka i funkcja prezbitera w pierwszych wspólnotach chrześcijańskich na podstawie autentycznych listów św. Pawła. Lata 50–67 po Chr.

Gioele e Amos in dialogo secondo Massimiliano Scandroglio

Pierwotny Kościół w konfrontacji do świata pogańskiego w świetle pism Nowego Testamentu