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Some remarks on the history of the Karaites in Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the 15th century

100%
Witkowski R.
Karaite Archives
|
2013
|
issue 1
211-242
EN
The articles deals with the medieval sources on the history of the Karaites who appeared in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania during the reign of duke Vitold (Vytautas). Many of them were already analyzed by researchers, whoever some questions still remained unanswered or presented not always in fully critical way. The research questions deal with the original privilege issued by Lithuanian monarchs to the Karaites, allegedly participation of the Karaites at the battle of Tannenberg or travel description left by Burgundian knight Gilbert de Lannoy. It seems that the first written document, shaping he legal position of the Karaites in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was issued by duke Casimir Jagellonides in 1441. The charter of grand duke Vitold, drawn in 1388, was certainly forged sometime in the 15th century. The Bavarian Latin chronicle informing that a Jewish (in fact, Karaite?) military unit supported Polish-Lithuanian army at the battle of Tannenberg in 1410, transmitted only political propaganda, and did not reflect a real fact. Famous Burgundian traveler, who visited Grand Duchy of Lithuania in the beginning of the15th century, met Karaites in Troki.
2
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Benedictina w zbiorach wileńskich (XVI-XIX w.)

100%
Witkowski R.
Archiwa, Biblioteki i Muzea Kościelne
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2002
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vol. 78
325-382
3
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Los Karaimów podczas II wojny światowej. Kilka uwag historyka

100%
Witkowski R.
Almanach Karaimski
|
2014
|
vol. 3
RU
Motywowana przez ideologię niemieckiego faszyzmu polityka eksterminacji ludności żydowskiej tworzyła stałe zagrożenie dla Karaimów mieszkających w różnych państwach europejskich, które stopniowo były podbijane przez Niemcy. Podejmowane oficjalnie od 1938 r. starania przedstawicieli Karaimów, by władze niemieckie uznały ich za ludność nie-żydowską, zakończyły się częściowym sukcesem. Po podboju Francji, Litwy i Krymu ludność karaimska zetknęła się z pewnymi formami represji, ale ostatecznie uniknęła losu europejskich Żydów. Było to możliwe tylko dzięki wysiłkom różnych osób, w tym hachana Seraji Szapszała.
EN
The policy of the German authorities, to, in accordance with Nazi ideology, annihilate the Jewish population constantly placed the Karaites, who at that time inhabited various European countries that were gradually being conquered by German armies, in constant danger. Official attempts made in 1938 by the representatives of Karaite community to convince the German authorities to treat them as a non-Jewish population, resulted in only partial success. After the conquest of France, Lithuania and Crimea the Karaite community was persecuted in various ways. However, it succeeded in surviving the war, in contrast to the fate of most of European Jewry. This was only possible thanks to the efforts of numerous people, including hachan Seraya Shapshal.
4
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Epizod z życia Seraja Szapszała

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Witkowski R.
Almanach Karaimski
|
2015
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vol. 4
167-172
RU
After the Second World War Seraja Szapszała had intended to migrate to Poland but was prevented from doing so by the Soviet authorities and he continued to live in Soviet Lithuania instead. He worked for the Institute of History and Law in the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences. He was also involved in preserving the Karaite past in Lithuanian lands. His efforts included opening an ethnographic museum in Trakai before WWII. Szapszał composed a letter to Stalin in which he hoped to protect his own life as well as Karaite ethnographic collections.
5
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Glossa do karaimskiej sfragistyki

100%
Witkowski R.
Almanach Karaimski
|
2015
|
vol. 4
127-144
RU
Very little is known about the Karaite seals used during time of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The development of the administration in the Russian Empire forced Karaites to use these seals. However the new reality that emerged following the introduction of a new law in the Republic of Poland in 1936 offered them a chance to change some aspects of official Karaite iconography.
6
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Głos w dyskusji naukowej

100%
Witkowski R.
Almanach Karaimski
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2015
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vol. 4
173-182
RU
A Voice in an Academic Debate. A review of Seraja Szapszał’s Work “Караимы в Литве”, Written by Konstantinas Jablonskis Key words: Seraja Szapszał, Konstantinas Jablonskis, Karaites, Lithuania Summary The Wróblewski Library at the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences includes a surviving review of a typescript work by Seraja Szapszał dedicated to the history of the Lithuanian Karaites. Szapszał completed his study in 1949 and hoped to have it printed in Lithuania. Jablonskis’ critical remarks focused on a number of historical aspects of the Karaite past. However, it remains an important contribution to a specific academic debate.
EN
The Wróblewski Library at the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences includes a surviving review of a typescript work by Seraja Szapszał dedicated to the history of the Lithuanian Karaites. Szapszał completed his study in 1949 and hoped to have it printed in Lithuania. Jablonskis’ critical remarks focused on a number of historical aspects of the Karaite past. However, it remains an important contribution to a specific academic debate.
7
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Protokoły z posiedzeń organizacji karaimskich w II Rzeczypospolitej (1924–1928)

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Witkowski R.
Almanach Karaimski
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2015
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vol. 4
183-215
RU
The minutes of the various social and religious Karaite organizations shed light on the most important questions of their existence in the Republic of Poland after WW I, when the Karaites had to reestablish their legal, religious and social position.
8
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Izaak z Trok, syn Abrahama, karaimski uczony z XVI wieku

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Witkowski R.
Almanach Karaimski
|
2007
|
vol. 1
59-69
9
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Fritz Steiniger i jego badania nad Karaimami. Uwagi wstępne

100%
Witkowski R.
Almanach Karaimski
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2021
|
vol. 10
207-222
EN
The article represents a press release published in 1944 by Fritz Steiniger, a German racial scientist, in the German magazine titled „Natur und Volk”. A member of the fascist party, Steiniger published an article that questioned the Jewish origins of the Karaites and thus stood up for them during the Holocaust. Archival materials concerning Steiniger’s life and work are preserved in the archives of the University of Greifswald, where he worked. Due to the pandemic, further research based on this archive collection was not possible yet.
10
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Statut Muzeum Karaimskiego Związku Religijnego w Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej

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Witkowski R.
Almanach Karaimski
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2021
|
vol. 10
223-232
EN
The article presents the Statute of the Karaite Museum, which was approved by the Ministry of Religious Affairs and Public Education in 1938. This act was the legal basis for the functioning of the Karaite Museum in Trakai, which was organized thanks to the great commitment of Hachan Seraya Shapshal and the entire Karaite community in the last years before the outbreak of World War II.
PL
Artykuł przedstawia Statut Muzeum Karaimskiego, który został zatwierdzony przez Ministerstwo Wyznań Religijnych i Oświecenia Publicznego w 1938 roku. Akt ten stanowił podstawę prawną funkcjonowania Muzeum Karaimów w Trokach, które zostało zorganizowane dzięki wielkiemu zaangażowaniu hachan SeraSzapszała i całej społeczności karaimskiej w ostatnich latach przed wybuchem II wojny światowej.
11
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Odezwa Karaimów łuckich w czasach reform Sejmu Wielkiego

88%
Witkowski R.
Almanach Karaimski
|
2007
|
vol. 1
53-58
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