Conversation of a Pole with a Lithuanian, written by Augustine Mieleski Rotundus in July or August 1564, was an answer to the political dialogue titled Quincunx. The dialogue was authored by Stanislaus Orzechowski. In his work he ordered Lithuanians to enter the union with Poland, but in the same work he named them slaves and people deprived of freedom. He also expressed the view that only citizens of kingdoms are free and Lithuanians as inhabitants of a duchy have no liberty. Augustine Rotundus replied to him that not all kingdoms enjoy freedom: citizens are free if they have a good ruler.The present paper consists of two parts. In the first part, I present participants of polemics of 1564 and their dialogues, which are written according to ancient rules. In the second part, I quote the medieval threads from Conversation, in which Rotundus talks about rulers of Poland and emperors of Germany. He proves that Polish kings were not always good rulers. Sometimes dukes were better than kings. Therefore the Grand Duchy of Lithuania is not worse than the Kingdom of Poland. Medieval threads also exhibit preunion hopes and fears of the Lithuanians. We find here the picture of the state and the portrait of the ruler which wanted by them. The state should have a Christian character and law which is well constructed. Furtherly, the ruler should be wise, willing to cooperate with the Church, independent of his wife and free of excessive ambition.
The Lubiński Codex was created in the fi rst half of the 15th century, predominantly by the efforts of Jan of Dąbrówka and his scribes. It comprises miscellaneous historical writings, found by Dąbrówka in older manuscripts, or sketched for current use by himself. Beside works by established authors, such as the chroniclers Wincenty Kadłubek, Dzierzwa, or Janko of Czarnków, and the Wielkopolska Chronicle, one can fi nd there Dąbrówka’s own opus magnum, his Commentary to the Chronicle of Wincenty Kadłubek. Apart from these major writings the Lubiński Codex encompasses also his smaller pieces, like the three redactions of the Lineage of the Polish Princes, the Catalogue of the Bishops of Cracow, and excerpts from various chronicles and annals. The identifi cation of these writings took over a century and a half, and was not free of erroneous conjectures. Dorota Gacka demonstrates how the work on the Lubiński Codex progressed, and how the contemporary views were gradually elaborated. The analysis encompasses only the attempts at describing and interpreting the codex as a whole, and scrutinises the consecutive efforts of a number of Polish historians and librarians, from the nineteenth through early twenty-fi rst century. The article aims at facilitating further researches on the codex, now available in digitalised form in the CBN Polona, but it is also a contribution to medievalism, i.e. studies on the presence and functioning of the Middle Ages in the writings of later authors.
PL
Kodeks lubiński to w głównej mierze dzieło Jana z Dąbrówki i jego kopistów. Zawiera on miscellanea historica wydobyte ze średniowiecznych zabytków polskiej historiografi i bądź nakreślone przez Jana doraźnie, na użytek własny. Obok kopii takich dzieł, jak Kronika Dzierzwy, Kronika polska Mistrza Wincentego tzw. Kadłubka, Kronika wielkopolska, Kronika Janka z Czarnkowa, mamy tu też zabytek wielkiej wagi, którego autorem jest sam Jan z Dąbrówki, mianowicie brulion Commentum in Chronicam Polonorum Magistri Vincentii dicti Kadłubek. Wśród tego znajdują się też mniejsze jego opuscula, jak np. trzy redakcje Rodowodu książąt polskich i Katalog biskupów krakowskich, a także excerpta z różnych pomniejszych dzieł kronikarskich i rocznikarskich. Identyfi kacja tych dzieł trwała przez blisko półtora wieku i często nie była wolna od błędnych hipotez. Celem artykułu jest pokazanie, jak narastała wiedza dotycząca zabytku i jak stopniowo, drogą żmudnych dociekań dochodzono do właściwych wniosków. Analizowane są tu całościowe opracowania kodeksu, które wyszły spod pióra polskich historyków i bibliotekarzy takich jak August Bielowski, Jan Szlachtowski, Józef Korzeniowski, Witold Nowodworski, Brygida Kürbis, Jacek Wiesiołowski, Marian Zwiercan, Wojciech Drelicharz, Jerzy Kaliszuk i Sławomir Szyller. Z nich najbardziej kluczowe dla całości badań wydają się dziś konstatacje Józefa Korzeniowskiego i Mariana Zwiercana. Artykuł ten ma być pomocą dla tych, którzy będą korzystać ze skanu kodeksu lubińskiego, który niedawno został zamieszczony w Narodowej Bibliotece Cyfrowej zwanej Poloną. Wpisuje się też w nurt mediewalizmu, tj. nauki zajmującej się obecnością i funkcjonowaniem średniowiecza w pracach autorów późniejszych.
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