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EN
This paper considers how so-called psychometric methods devised for risk-awareness measurement in sociological and cognitive psychological researches connected primarily with health risk can be used to determine indirectly the risk behaviour behind investment decisions. The methodological efforts to measure uncertainty, which have stretched and been repeatedly renewed over centuries, tend to push decision-makers and their subjects and sociological-cum-psychological deciding process into the background. The authors have measured financial risk behaviour in the population through intensity of risk perception, using a representative sample. Groups of subjects homogenous in their risk behaviour were assembled to establish certain clear sociological determinants and parameters. Finally, the conclusions drawn about risk propensity and risk perception were compared with conclusions on risk attitude obtained by direct measurement.
EN
Analysis of the effect of new ventures on the economy has been widely investigated in the last decade. However, the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) international research organization was the first to provide a consistent, comparable estimation of entrepreneurial activity over nations. The study describes the main findings of the GEM research over the 2001-3 period, focusing on Hungary. For the two most important measures - the Total Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA) and Firm Entrepreneurial (FEI) indices, Hungary is in the middle range of participating countries. Its situation compares well within the Central and Eastern European region - Croatia, Poland, Russia and Slovenia - and comes out slightly better than the EU average. Since the formation effect of new firms on economic growth and employment creation outweighs that of existing firms five to six times over, new firms should receive greater emphasis in Hungarian policy towards entrepreneurship.
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