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RU
Цель статьи состоит в анализе польского стремления к образованию Восточного Измерения Европейского Союза, который добился успеха в мае 2009 г., когда Восточное Партнерство было открыто. Автор представляет польские предложения адресованные ЕС в период между 1998 и 2008 годами (Восточная политика Европейского Союза в перспективе расширения – польская точка зрения 2001; неофициальный документ Большaя Европa 2003; Новые соседи – основа для отношений. Предложения из Польши 2003; Инструмент Соседства – польская точкa зрения 2003; Европейская Политика Соседства – Восточное Измерение 2006; Польско-шведское предложение. Восточное Партнерство 2008). Затем, сравнивает их сущность с фактическим содержанием решений принятых в форме Коммюнике Европейской Комиссии (Большая Европа III 2003; Европейская Политика Соседства V 2004; Предложение Комиссии о создании Европейского Инструмента Соседства и Партнёрства X 2004; Об усилении Европейской Политики Соседства XII 2006; Сильная Европейская Политика Соседства XII 2007; Восточное Партнерство XII 2008).
EN
The aim of the article is to analyse Polish aspirations to create Eastern Dimension of the EU, which has finally succeed in May 2009, when the Eastern Partnership was inaugurated. The author presents Polish proposals addressed to Brussels between 1998 and 2008 (The Eastern policy of the European Union in the enlargement perspective – Polish side of view 2001; non-paper Wider Europe 2003; The New Neighbours – a framework for relations. Proposals from Poland 2003; The Neighbourhood Instrument – the Polish standpoint 2003; the European Neighbourhood Policy – Eastern Dimension 2006; Polish-Swedish Proposal. Eastern Partnership 2008). Then, compares its content with actual solutions adopted by the European Union in a form of the European Commission Communications (Wider Europe III 2003; European Neighbourhood Policy V 2004; Commission proposal for a Regulation establishing a European Neighbourhood and Partnership Instrument X 2004; On strengthening the European Neighbourhood Policy XII 2006; A Strong European Neighbourhood Policy XII 2007; Eastern Partnership XII 2008).
EN
THE ARTICLE IS devoted to the historical evolution of states’ cooperative behavior. To determine the typical for each historical period patterns of unilateralism and multilateralism the comparative method was used. As a result, the author come to a conclusion that: 1) the period from ancient history to the Peace of Westphalia was dominated by self-sufficient empires and solar-type of arrangements, 2) between 1648–1882 prevailed classic alliances of fluid nature 3) the period from the conclusion of the Triple Alliance to the end of the Cold War was characterized by permanent intergovernmental organizations 4) and the most representative cooperative behaviors of the contemporary period are: summits, strategic partnerships and supranational organization.
EN
The aim of this article is to analyze the efficiency of the three currently working on the Polish side bilateral textbook commissions (Polish-German, Polish-Lithuanian and Polish-Ukrainian). Its added value lies, firstly, in rarely undertaken in the literature comparative research – the author’s ambitions go beyond simple description of several different textbook committees. Secondly, in the formulation of concrete conclusions, which to some extent can be applied in practice. The used research method was studying the documents. Using the technique of critical analysis of the content the author revealed similarities and differences in the functioning of the three institutions in terms of: the history of creation; tasks, procedures and organization of their work; discussed topics and appearing controversies; the effects of undertaken actions. On that basis, she formulated the conviction that a decisive impact on the effectiveness of the mentioned institutions have the following factors: ambitions and chosen by commissions course of action, the framework of states’ educational policies, the political support of the governments, wide debate on commissions’ findings, attitudes of the societies on the both sides of the border and objective factors like: time, stage of nation-building process and partners’ financial capacities.
EN
The article is focused on the analysis of the phenomenon of international role gained by New Zealand in contemporary East Asia. Using the PIPP model, I estimated each element of the international role (power, influence, presence, and performance) of all Dialogue Partners of ASEAN – the central regional organization in this part of the world. Then, with the help of strategic narratives analysis, I verified the hypothesis perceiving the reason for the success of New Zealand in its unchanged for decades good reputation.
PL
Artykuł skoncentrowany jest wokół analizy fenomenu roli międzynarodowej, jaką osiągnęła we współczesnej Azji Wschodniej Nowa Zelandia. Opierając się na modelu PIPP, oszacowuję poszczególne elementy składające się na rolę międzynarodową (potęgę, wpływ, obecność i działalność międzynarodową) wszystkich Partnerów Dialogowych ASEAN – centralnej organizacji regionalnej w tej części świata. Następnie przy pomocy analizy strategicznych narracji weryfikuję hipotezę upatrującą przyczynę sukcesu Nowej Zelandii w jej niezmiennej od dekad dobrej reputacji.
PL
The article is devoted to a new institution of the international political relations – the strategic partnership. The author analysis the realities of the foreign policy conducted in the first decade of the 21st century and takes a side in the discussion between the neoliberals and the neorealists on the states’ natural tendency to rivalry or cooperation. Settling her concept in the framework of the realists theory of alliances, the author describes the condition of research on the issue and differentiates between the sensu stricte and sensu largo alliance, moving closer the wider understanding of the term. The core of the essay, though, is the presentation of a perfect model of the researched institution. Therefore, the author presents and justifies her own definition and sets constitutive features of the material strategic partnership.Full text: http://bazhum.muzhp.pl/czasopismo/589/?idno=14760
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