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  1. 4 Filozofia (Philosophy)

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1

K FILOZOFICKÝM VÝCHODISKÁM SÚČASNÝCH MODELOV ZDRAVOTNEJ STAROSTLIVOSTI

100%
Smolková E.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2019
|
vol. 74
|
issue 8
637 – 651
EN
Most of us understand health care as a system in which certain values and moral standards must apply. We will try to grasp different types of health care systems, the way they work and, above all, specify how the systems differ from one another. We will investigate the issue of the access to health care and we will show how the theoretical and practical approaches to health issues intersect and influence each other. We will try to explain why this occurs on the background of socio-political theories and concepts that currently resonate in this area. Different theoretical bases as well as different approaches to health care require systematization and specification of criteria of differences, so that we can orientate ourselves in these issues and know the basic approaches that are present in contemporary health care. The point is, however, to show how moral approaches and moral judgments affect the methods and methodologies that are used in relation to these issues and how this may impact on the practical delivery of health care.
2

K OTÁZKE VPLYVU HANSA JONASA NA SÚČASNÚ ETIKU

100%
Smolková E.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2018
|
vol. 73
|
issue 9
731 – 741
EN
This paper is dedicated to the 25th anniversary of the death of Hans Jonas. The article investigates ethical principles formulated by Jonas which still have influence on modern ethical thinking. The aim is to draw attention to his impact on current ethical conceptions and their principles, and to highlight the point that it was Jonas who enriched the idea of “purposes in themselves” through the principle of responsibility towards nature. Extending responsibility beyond the scope of human affairs is, in his view, good for humans, and therefore good in itself. According to Jonas we have an obligation to take on the role of a caretaker, and therefore the care of nature must be part of the values and ethical principles. Jonas drew attention to the limits of anthropological ethics and to the need to take into account the external conditions of human life. He pointed out the necessity to consider the future of human existence, thus diverging significantly from the contemporary understanding of human rights and obligations, creating prerequisites for the emergence of environmental ethics as science. The conclusion of the study evaluates the significance of the work of Hans Jonas and outlines how the extension of moral rights has influenced the ethical relationship of a contemporary man to “the whole of things.”
3

K FILOZOFICKÝM OTÁZKAM PRESADZOVANIA SOCIÁLNYCH PRÁV

100%
Smolková E.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2020
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vol. 75
|
issue 7
555 – 568
EN
The issue of human rights and especially social rights is one of the most complex, intricate, and, at the same time, one of the most common topics of contemporary philosophy. It brings forward traditional philosophical themes of justice and equality, questions of bridging the moral and legal aspects of providing equal opportunities for everyone. The diversity of philosophical underpinnings of social rights allows theorists to grasp the issue from different perspectives and to introduce readers to the possibilities of accepting social rights such as the recognition of human dignity, equal opportunities, and equal chances in life. Social rights provide a way of restoring justice and opportunities for those who would not otherwise have it at all. In principle, however, it does not decide how social rights are designed, but how they are implemented and whether they are enforceable, ie how the system of social services is set up in a state and what approaches states choose in implementing social rights and whether these adequately provide social guarantees for human existence, dignity, life, equal opportunities and prevention of social exclusion.
4

K OTÁZKE VPLYVU SOCIÁLNYCH PRÁV NA KVALITU ŽIVOTA

100%
Smolková E.
Filozofia (Philosophy)
|
2023
|
vol. 78
|
issue 5
380 – 394
EN
Questions of happiness or well-being are traditional philosophical themes. These are nowadays covered by the issue of quality of life. Although this is a term whose interpretations vary, the terms well-being, happy or fulfilling life are used. The issue is interdisciplinary and resonates across disciplines, including philosophy. Quality of life is a topic that is approached from different perspectives and from different points of view. In this study, we will focus on the philosophical aspects of quality of life issues that are related to human rights, especially social rights, and examine those aspects that are central to quality of life issues, particularly in the context of the operation of ethical normative criteria related to social rights and their bearing on quality-of-life concerns. The aim of the study is thus to look for the intersection between the individual and the social to highlight that it is social rights that have had and continue to have the most significant impact on quality of life. They are a tool to ensure the basic necessities of life but also the ideas of equality and justice. They are an essential prerequisite for personal development since they create objective possibilities for seizing opportunities and those qualitative indicators that make it possible, in the long term, to live a fulfilling life.
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