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O jazycích v roli lingua franca (se zvláštním zřetelem k angličtině)

100%
Sherman T.
Časopis pro moderní filologii (Journal for Modern Philology)
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2013
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vol. 95
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issue 2
129-140
EN
This article examines the concept of English as a lingua franca (ELF) in the context of lingua franca communication in general, with special emphasis on the contemporary Czech context. It begins by elaborating upon the context of World Englishes, on the basis of which ELF has become the subject of scholarly inquiry. Using examples from recent research, it then provides a brief analysis of the issues which arise in connection with the discussion of ELF in the Czech Republic: 1) the sociolinguistic situation of English in the Czech Republic, and 2) the connection between languages in the role of a lingua franca and metalinguistic behaviour, norms and expectations. It concludes by arguing that the phenomenon of lingua franca communication is a more general one, even applicable to languages such as Czech, and that the description of lingua franca interaction and its utilization in language planning (specifically acquisition planning) should be based on the relevant sociolinguistic theory.
2
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Proselyting in First-contact Situations as an Instructed Action

100%
Sherman T.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2010
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vol. 46
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issue 6
977–1009
EN
Drawing on ethnomethodology and conversation analysis, this study examines the phenomenon of proselyting in first-contact public situations as conducted, learned, continually developed, and reflected by American Mormon missionaries from the Church of Latter-Day Saints (LDS) in the Czech Republic, with a focus on first-contact public proselyting (FCPP) encounters. Proselyting is analysed as an instructed action and as a situation in which one party is initially aware of the category of encounter which is to take place, while the other party (or parties) is not, and it is necessary to create the particular type of encounter and then to execute it in some effective and beneficial way as defined by the first party. I examine the types of order to which both parties orient in these situations, i.e. local and extended sequential order, topical order, and categorial order, as they are layered in the doing of the instructed action. The findings demonstrate that, as opposed to the lay perception that religious missionaries simply recite learned passages and phrases in doing their proselyting work, their activities in fact involve complex sequences of communicative work which require the utilisation of experience, tacit knowledge, and creativity. In addition, while it is possible to flesh out and describe a clear sequence of phases in FCPP encounters which, from the outsider’s perspective, constitute proselyting, there is little which otherwise differentiates it from other types of activities involving talk.
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Jazykový management a teorie jazykového managementu: úvodní poznámky

63%
Nekvapil J., Sherman T.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2014
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vol. 75
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issue 4
245-255
EN
Against the background of various linguistic and non-linguistic fields of study, we present an initial definition of the concept of language management as an activity focused on any aspect of language or communication or on language or communication as a whole. We explain the position of Language Management Theory (LMT) as a sociolinguistic theory in relation to varying paradigms of language policy and planning. In this context, the theory’s historical origins, which extend back to the collaborative work of J. V. Neustupný and B. H. Jernudd beginning in the 1960s, are elucidated. We summarize the reflection, categorization, and integration of LMT by other authors (R. Baldauf, B. Spolsky, M. Mwaniki and others), and also present critical views of these authors’ work. We then outline the main aspects of LMT: typical contexts in which language is managed, the relationship between simple and organized management, the connection of language, communicative and sociocultural management, and the processual character of management. Finally, we briefly describe the articles contained in the issue, all of which address Central European language problems and at the same time offer considerable theoretical and methodological innovations.
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"Vy, mladí Vietnamci (‚nenakažení‘), nás počeštěné banány prostě pochopit nemůžete" : mladí Vietnamci a superdiverzifikace českého novomediálního prostoru

63%
Homoláč J., Sherman T.
Sociologický časopis. Czech Sociological Review
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2020
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vol. 56
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issue 2
229-257
EN
This article analyses media texts written in Czech by young Vietnamese from 2008 to 2017. It aims to: a) describe how the authors categorise themselves and determine whether they construct their identity as hybrid; and b) consider whether these texts contribute to the superdiversification of the Czech space. Three identity versions appear in the material: banana children, young ‘uninfected’ Vietnamese, and the younger generation of banana children (BC, YUV, and YG). BC emphasise the hybrid character of their identity, i.e. the necessity of using two languages and behaving in accordance with the norms of two ethnic societies in their everyday lives. YUV declare that competence in Czech and knowledge of the social norms of the majority cannot change the fact that they are Vietnamese. YG assign basically the same features to their own category as to BC. But unlike them, YG usually consider the hybrid character of their identity to be self-evident. That the analysed texts problematise the role of language as a defining feature of ethnic identity can be considered an expression of the superdiversification of the Czech media and new media space. BC defend their right to not belong to a single ethnic society, YUV declare their identity to be exclusively Vietnamese, and MG express amazement that the existence of young Czech-speaking Vietnamese is still surprising to a part of the majority population.
5
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Management summaries and the follow-up interview in language biography research

63%
Sherman T., Homoláč J.
Slovo a slovesnost: časopis pro otázky teorie a kultury jazyka (Slovo a slovesnost: A journal for the theory of language and language cultivation)
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2014
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vol. 75
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issue 4
294-325
EN
This article’s main aim is to determine the advantages and limits in the utilization of a specifically developed type of follow-up method in combination with language biography interviews. The material consists of a series of language biography interviews conducted in Czech with Vietnamese women in their 20s and 30s who migrated to the Czech Republic as children, and subsequent follow-up interviews. In the language biography interviews, the participants discussed their experiences and problems connected to the acquisition and use of Czech and Vietnamese. In the follow-up interviews, selected passages from the first interviews, above all those containing management summaries (cf. Nekvapil 2004) were played back for the interviewees and their reflections sought. The analysis considers the interactional aspects of the interviewees’ responses as well as the specifics of the additional and/or reformulated management summaries contained within them. The research thus enables the formulation a set of shared language problems experienced and managed (or not) by several members of an increasingly relevant group in the Czech sociolinguistic context. It also confirms that, in the context of the individual language biography,the management summaries do not change significantly over time, rather, that interviewees merely add or leave out individual details.
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