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EN
The institution of the Upper Silesian Pantheon was established in Katowice in 2020. Its statutory purpose is to commemorate, preserve and disseminate cultural heritage by commemorating personages who have left their mark on the Polish identity of the Upper Silesia region, with special focus on artists, scientists, politicians, soldiers, and the clergy. In 2022, in fulfilment of its cultural mission, the Pantheon opened a public exhibition in the vaults of the Cathedral of Christ the King in Katowice, “Upper Silesian Pantheon”. Its goal is formative and educational and it exhibits the achievements of prominent 20th-century residents of Upper Silesia. The biographies of these figures are intended to serve as role models, useful to visitors, especially the young, in the process of emulation. Transgression ranks topmost among the features promoted by the exhibition. According to the psychological concept of Józef Kozielecki, transgression consists in overcoming one’s own limitations and going beyond the assigned social role. The authors of the exhibition, referring to the examples of distinguished Upper Silesians, seek to prove that, although difficult, transgression of this type is possible and should challenge every young person to thinking about his or her future.
PL
W 2020 roku powstała w Katowicach Instytucja Kultury Panteon Górnośląski. Jej statutowym celem jest upamiętnianie, zachowanie i upowszechnianie dziedzictwa poprzez czczenie pamięci osób zasłużonych dla polskości ziem Górnego Śląska, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem twórców, artystów, naukowców, polityków, żołnierzy oraz osób duchownych. Realizując tak zdefiniowaną funkcję, w 2022 roku w podziemiach katedry pod wezwaniem Chrystusa Króla w Katowicach instytucja ta otwarła dla zwiedzających wystawę: „Panteon Górnośląski”. Ma ona charakter formacyjno-wychowawczy; ukazuje dokonania wybitnych, XX-wiecznych mieszkańców Górnego Śląska. Biografie tych osób mają służyć za wzorce osobowościowe, które w procesie naśladownictwa staną się użyteczne dla zwiedzających, zwłaszcza dla młodego pokolenia. Spośród promowanych na wystawie cech na pierwsze miejsce wysuwa się transgresja (transgression). Zgodnie z psychologiczną koncepcją Józefa Kozieleckiego jest to pokonywanie własnych ograniczeń, wyjście poza przypisaną sobie rolę społeczną. Autorzy wystawy, powołując się na przykłady zasłużonych Górnoślązaków, starają się udowodnić, że choć to trudne, jest możliwe i powinno być wyzwaniem dla każdego młodego człowieka zastanawiającego się nad swoją przyszłością.
EN
At the time of the commencement of the Second World War, the Upper Silesian circle of attorneys was of a uniformly Polish national structure. Nevertheless, during the occupation many lawyers took decisions which may theoretically be assessed as questionable from the national standpoint. It concerned both attorneys who found themselves on the territory of the General Government and lawyers who remained in Upper Silesia. The former gained possibility to continue their legal practice, though at the price of accepting German supervision over their work, whereas the lawyers who did not leave Upper Silesia faced the necessity of applying for a registration on the German national list. The majorities of both groups of Upper Silesian lawyers decided to accept the conditions established by the occupant. However, it did not translate into automatic renunciation of Polish national feelings. Most often the decision to accept the German national list was caused by the threat of imprisonment in concentration camp; many times it was the only way to secure a minimum level of material existence. In turn, the work in the official justice system created an opportunity to help the Polish population and many lawyers engaged in such work made a full use of this opportunity, justifying in this way their coerced cooperation with the Germans. After the end of the Second World War the verification procedure was conducted in Katowice chamber during which the accusations of accepting the German national list or of working in the legal judiciary were levelled against attorneys. All trials ended with pronouncing the accused as innocent; these sentences were not questioned during later years. It provides a strong evidence of the social understanding of the national attitudes of Upper Silesian attorneys. Especially, it should not be forgotten that the majority of them did not experience any ambiguities over their national allegiance and that many of them exhibited their patriotism by serving in underground organizations or in the Polish military.
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