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DYNAMICKÉ POJETÍ PŘIROZENÉHO ZÁKONA A ČESKÁ TEOLOGICKÁ TRADICE

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Ovečka L.
Studia theologica
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2011
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vol. 13
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issue 4
191–206
EN
The idea of natural law comes from ancient Greek philosophy where it was understood as predominantly static. Transferred into the Christian theology, it was also understood as something stable, immovable, and unchangeable. Many examples of this can be shown, including those from the Czech tradition of moral theology from the period prior to the Second Vatican Council. The present document represents a completely different approach: Natural moral law is something dynamic, connected with the human conscience, ways of self-realization and of discerning good and evil. It does not represent heteronomous control of the conscience from outside but is a principal orientation in which a person makes decisions based on his or her own responsibility. The document is proof of the ability of the Church to react to changes in society, to develop its teaching and self-understanding.
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Církevní nauka o víře a mravech a 2. vatikánský koncil

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Ovečka L.
Acta Universitatis Carolinae Theologica
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2015
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vol. 5
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issue 2
289-302
EN
According to the declaration of the First Vatican Council, the ex cathedra teaching of the pope and of the Church’s magisterium on the matters of faith and morals is infallible. The difference between the matters of faith and morals has not been explained, but in the matters of morals no infallible document has ever been issued laying claim of being infallible and unchangeable. On the contrary, the moral teaching of the Church is developing. The Second Vatican Council returned to the matter by introducing the concept of authentic teaching, which is an official teaching of the Church but without the demand of being unchangeable. All declarations about morality and all moral norms fall into this category. They are bound with the historical, cultural and social situation to the extent that it cannot be main- tained that they will be valid forever and under all circumstances in the same way as now if this situation changes.
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