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EN
The article analyses the connections between the dry bulk freight market and the economic activity of certain countries. The objective was to confirm the existence of a similar cyclical nature for the Baltic Dry Index and main indicators of the business cycle of the G7 countries. The applied macroeconomic variables were: the real GDP and the industrial production index. In examination a spectral analysis was used. The discovered identical periodicities were analyzed in terms of time relations. It was demonstrated, that the cyclical part of the BDI (periodicity of 13.1 and 15.3 quarters) either leads or is coincident with the indicators of the business cycle. The global financial crisis in 2008-2009 showed that the behaviour of freight indices was similar to stock exchange indices and macroeconomic variables in advanced economies. It is worth to observe shipping market because higher values of freight indices could anticipate increasing demand for sea trade and economic growth.
EN
Preparing a sustainability report becomes more and more popular among a wide range of branches including shipping and seaports. For majority of Polish ports preparing a formal CSR strategy is a new challenge. The aim of this article was to compare the way that selected European seaports chose to report and identify the most important topics of their sustainable activity. In order to answer the research questions the multi-case study of selected European ports was prepared. The strategy and identified topics at seaports that have prepared sustainability reports can be used in benchmarking process. Such a comparison can help Polish seaports avoid mistakes in preparing such reports by themselves in the future. The analysis showed that the most important sustainability topics are connected with employment and air emission. There were also themes specific for seaports activity like maintaining the water depths. Involvement the port stakeholders in prioritization process made the topics order suited all parties concerned in port operations.
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