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Gastrointestinal symptoms as antecedent signs of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection

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Aleksandra Młodożeniec A., Paulina Szul P., Agnieszka Gala-Błądzińska A.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2020
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issue 4
323-325
EN
Introduction. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infectious disease of the respiratory system caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Most patients present with typical, respiratory symptoms. Common signs include cough, fever, dyspnea and shortness of breath. In this case we provide atypical indications of COVID-19, which may occur earlier than respiratory symptoms. Aim. This case is an example of an unusual course of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Description of the case. This article describes a case of a 63-year-old man and his wife, a 60-year old woman who were admitted to the emergency department with a few days’ history of gastrointestinal symptoms. Both patients presented with the digestive symptoms of nausea, diarrhea and loss of appetite. They denied abdominal pain and the loss of smell or taste. Due to suspicion of SARS-CoV-2 infection a nasopharyngeal swabs of both patients was taken. The results of real- time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction were positive. When the final diagnosis of COVID-19 was established they were transported to another hospital. Conclusion. COVID-19 may manifest with atypical indications such a nausea and diarrhea. An atypical indications of COVID-19 may occur earlier than respiratory symptoms. It is important for clinicians to remain alert.
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The significance of NGAL and KIM-1 proteins for diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in clinical practice

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Tomasz Kubrak T., Rafał Podgórski R., David Aebisher D., Agnieszka Gala-Błądzińska A.
European Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine
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2018
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issue 1
28-33
EN
Introduction. Despite advances in medical care AKI (acute kidney injury) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. The lack of adequate early renal injury biomarkers is often a problem for an early AKI diagnosis. In recent years, numerous scientific studies have been carried out which reveal new urine and serum markers to assess the period of the kidney injury before revealing its late clinical effects. In most clinical settings, AKI is due to acute renal tubular necrosis which results in protein accumulation in urine. Determination of the concentrations of proteins such as NGAL (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin) and KIM-1 (kidney injury molecule-1) are of great significance in the diagnosis of AKI. Aim. The purpose of the study was to review the literature about significance of NGAL and KIM-1 proteins for diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in clinical practice. Materials and method. Analysis of Polish and foreign literature.
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