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The emerging definite article ten in (informal spoken) Czech: a further analysis in terms of semantic and pragmatic definiteness

100%
Dvořák J.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
|
2020
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vol. 103
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issue 4
297-319
EN
The present study, couched within the framework of the Concept Types and Determination theory (CTD) and relying upon corpus data, attempts to provide further evidence for the claim that Czech, especially its informal spoken variety, is developing a definite article from the distance-neutral demonstrative ten in adnominal uses. The CTD theory has proved its utility for studying emerging definite articles in Western Slavic languages in the works of Adrian Czardybon and Albert Ortmann. At its core lies the distinction between the so-called “pragmatic” and “semantic” definiteness. It is generally assumed that emerging definite articles spread from the former to the latter, and the grammaticalization process is considered accomplished once the former demonstrative systematically appears in contexts of semantic definiteness. This study applies the distinction, made by Löbner, to a corpus sample of 1,000 occurrences of the adnominal ten, many of which appear to manifest characteristics typical of definite articles across languages.
2
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Historie jedné hereze: sourozenci Gerta a Harry Freundovi – oběti trockistického stigmatu

100%
Dvořák J.
Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
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2021
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vol. 28
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issue 1
99-160
EN
It also shows how fatal the Trotskyite stigma was for non-conformist members of the Communist movement and how symptomatically the fate of both protagonists reflects the turbulent evolution of the domestic radical left-wing movement and Czechoslovak- Soviet relations during the inter-war period.
3
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Definite associative anaphora in informal spoken Czech: a corpus-based study

100%
Dvořák J.
Naše řeč (Our Speech)
|
2023
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vol. 106
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issue 2
87-109
EN
The present study, couched within the framework of Löbner’s Concept Types and Determination theory (CTD) and relying both on corpus data and the questionnaire method, attempts to provide some evidence for the claim that there is a growing tendency in contemporary informal spoken Czech to use the emerging definite article ten with definite associative anaphora (DAA). Just like its Western Slavic cognates, the distance-neutral demonstrative ten appears to manifest characteristics typical of definite articles across languages (cf. Ortmann, 2014; Czardybon, 2017; Dvořák, 2020). One of these characteristics is the spreading of ten to contexts situated between pragmatic and semantic definiteness on Löbner’s definiteness scale (Löbner, 1985; 2011). DAA is part of these contexts. However, as the present study shows, marked differences exist between the three sub-types of DAA as defined by Löbner with regards to their willingness to accept ten. These are, respectively, the “part-whole,” the “relational” and the “situational” sub-type. Other factors must also be taken into account, such as the speaker’s emotional involvement and competing interpretations of the occurrence of ten.
4
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Československý konzulát v Kyjevě objektem zájmu NKVD v letech 1936-1938

63%
Dvořák J., Chlebina A.
Soudobé dějiny (Contemporary History)
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2023
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vol. 30
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issue 2
493-523
EN
The article aims to map the counterintelligence activities of the authorities of the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs (Narodnyi komissariat vnutrennikh del - NKVD) of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic against the Consulate General of the Czechoslovak Republic in Kyiv, which existed between June 1936 and April 1938. The authors make primary use of recently declassified documents from Ukrainian security archives and diplomatic reports of Consul General Rudolf Brabec (1884-1955). They first outline earlier Czechoslovak diplomatic representations in Soviet Ukraine and point out that their functioning was of particular importance for the newly established state, especially because of the existence of a large Czech minority there. The re-establishment of a diplomatic office in Ukraine after almost ten years took place after the establishment of official diplomatic relations between Czechoslovakia and the Soviet Union in 1934 and the opening of its embassy in Moscow. Czechoslovak diplomacy considered this step a success, but quickly sobered up. As the authors document, the Czechoslovak consulate almost immediately became an object of interest for the Soviet security forces and, after a few months (like other embassies in Ukraine) a central lightning rod for the then Stalinist regime's growing fears of foreign threats. Even before the "Great Terror" began, the consulate was the target of sophisticated actions by the Ukrainian NKVD authorities in an effort to control and gradually paralyse its activities, which eventually contributed to its closure. The authors show a clear connection between the measures taken against the Kyiv consulate and the repression of the Czech minority in Ukraine, which claimed many innocent victims in the late 1930s and early 1940s.
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