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PL
Hermeneutyka biblijna, opracowana i rozwijana zarówno przez Ojców Kościoła zachodniego, jak i wschodniego, odegrała istotną rolę w tworzeniu ukraińskiej literatury barokowej. Binarna opozycja obrazów światów duchowych i materialnych w systemie hermeneutyki biblijnej ukraińskiej literatury barokowej rozważana jest na przykładzie ukraińskiej i polskiej twórczości takich autorów, jak Łazarz Baranowicz, Innocenty Gizel, Ioannicjusz Galatowski, Stefan Jaworski, Danił Tuptałow, Antoni Radziwiłowski, Hrygoryj Skovoroda i inni, którzy jednogłośnie dochodzą do wniosku, że źródłem ziemskiej pociechy i ziemskiego szczęścia ludzkiego jest wybór Boga i jego Mądrości.
EN
Biblical hermeneutics, compiled and developed by both the Western and Eastern Church Fathers, played an essential role in the formation of Ukrainian baroque literature. The binary opposition of images of the spiritual and material worlds in the system of biblical hermeneutics of Ukrainian baroque literature is considered, based on examples of Ukrainian and Polish works by Lazar Baranovych, Innokenty Gizel, Ioanniki Galyatovsky, Stefan Yavorsky, Danylo Tuptalo, Anthony Radyvilovsky, Gregory Skovoroda and others, who unanimously conclude that the choosing of God and his Wisdom is the source of earthly comfort and human happiness.
UK
Біблійна герменевтика, складена і розроблена як західними, так і східними Отцями Церкви, відіграла посутню роль у становленні української барокової літератури. Розглянуто бінарне протиставлення образів духовного і матеріального світів у системі біблійної герменевтики української барокової літератури на прикладах творів україномовних та польськомовних авторів таких як Лазар Баранович, Інокентій Гізель, Іоанник Галятовський, Стефан Яворський, Данило Туптало, Антоній Радивіловський, Григорій Сковорода та інші, які одностайно приходять висновку, що обрання Бога і Його Мудрості є джерелом земного затишку  і людського щастя.
EN
A crucial role in the process of reviving Ukrainian identity is played by the Ukrainian language, which in the conditions of war serves not only as a mark of the own/alien, but also weighs a lot as a kind of intellectual weapon. For centuries, the Russian Empire had been appropriating the civilizational, scientific, and cultural achievements of the Ukrainian people; in return, it imposed on them a complex of inferiority, encouraged them to mankurtism. A significant part of the population of Ukraine succumbed to Russian manipulations and renounced their native language in favour of Russian. The tolerant attitude of the Ukrainian citizens towards the dominance of the Russian language in Ukraine became one of the hundreds of reasons for the present Russia–Ukraine war, which has been taking the lives of many thousands of defenders of Ukraine, as well as the lives of many thousands of its civilian residents, for the tenth year now. The time has come to defend everything that is Ukrainian from the grasping hands of the Rashists. The Ukrainian nation has preserved its native language and literature in spite of all the bad weather and winds of history, developed it to match the world’s artistic peaks. Ukrainian literature desperately needs a modern, objective reading of works of art without ideological layers, restoration of the fair facts of writers’ biographies, freedom from the toxicity of Russian propaganda, under the influence of which even well-known philological scholars – not only in Ukraine, but also in emigration – fell under the influence. As an example, it would be appropriate to recall the debate on the language of Hryhorii Skovoroda’s works, which lasted for more than two centuries due to the fact that Russian scientific circles labelled the work of the outstanding Ukrainian humanist as Russian. The debate ended with the conclusions of Professor Leonid Ushkalov as late as in the 21st century. Restored by L. Ushkalov, the authenticity of the texts of the works of Hryhorii Skovoroda made it possible to eliminate the mistakes made by the scribes and free the thinker’s works from Russification layers, returning him to the bosom of the Ukrainian literary baroque. L. Ushkalov proved the predominant percentage of Ukrainian language works of H. Skovoroda using the data of statistical calculations. The examples given by L. Ushkalov from the works of H. Skovoroda testify that such lexical, phonetic, grammatical categories are quite naturally used in the Ukrainian language and are completely absent in the Russian language. The lingua mixta of Hryhorii Skovoroda’s works consisted of Ukrainian, Church Slavonic, and Latin vocabulary, which was characteristic of Ukrainian baroque literature. This proves that Hryhorii Skovoroda’s work belongs to Ukrainian literature.
EN
The Sodom discourse takes its cue from the biblical story of the destruction of the city of Sodom due to the fall of its inhabitants. The angel warned only the righteous Lot’s family. Leaving the city, Lot’s wife looked back and turned to the pillar of salt for disobedience. The biblical story about the destruction of the city of Sodom, the rescue of the righteous Lot and the transformation of his wife into a pillar of salt is told in Hryhoriy Skovoroda’s treatise “Booklet on Reading the Holy Scriptures”, “Lot’s wife is named”. The exegete advises perceiving the biblical story of Lot and his wife purely as an allegorical picture of God’s wisdom on the way to the salvation of mankind, which proves once again that as an alternative to the traditional four-sense biblical hermeneutics, Hryhoriy Skovoroda saw a comprehensive allegory of the Holy Scriptures, within which the discourse of Sodom is built. The Sodom discourse has its continuation not in literary texts but in actual texts of life in the conditions of the Russian-Ukrainian war, but already with an opposite meaning to its biblical and Skovoroda’s message. The Russian occupiers, who have appropriated the functions of God and distorted the idea of the Absolute, the Truth, with their “fastidious” and cultural values of the imperial “russian world”, confusing the sinful with the righteous, with the help of their rockets, bombs, and shells, are erasing entire villages and towns from the face of the Ukrainian land, they kill both babies and the infirm old people just because they are Ukrainians, without caring about their fall into sin or righteousness...
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