The article presents the platform of functional relations between the legis-lative body and the executive body of the municipality in the Polish and French legal order . Reflections made in this respect should help improve the model of both bodies of the municipality in the scope of tasks and competences, shaping the platforms of their joint and separate relations . Determining the manner of implementation of tasks and competences of the municipal bodies based on the principle of cooperation should be an aspiration of the legislator to normatively and factually balance the legal status of both municipal bodies . The analysis of the determinants of the functioning of legislative and executive bodies is aimed at proposing directions of changes in their functional relations, in order to increase the efficiency of their operation as the most important determinant of efficient management of the local community.
The value of consultative democracy can not be overestimated, especially considering the local and supra-local administration gradually bringing the resident closer to self-government communities. Therefore, this issue is important and still requires improvement in the area of mutual relations between self-government authorities and residents of communes, districts/departments, voivodeships/regions. The search for common relations in participating in the management of the self-government community is a current challenge facing the territorial self-government in both legal orders. The comparative perspective in the scope of the functioning of commissions and consultative bodies of an obligatory nature is aimed at getting acquainted with the consultative administration in the territorial self-government in both legal orders and proposing directions of changes to Polish legal regulations in this area to improve the consultative dialogue and its normative tools.
The subject of the paper is the legal status of consultative bodies dedicated to young people, which are established both in the Polish local government and in the French local government community. In both legal orders these bodies have a consultative and advisory character. However, there are some differences in their structure and forms of action, which may constitute a field of reflection on their legal status. In Poland and in France, there is a noticeable trend towards expanding the importance and tasks of these bodies in self-governing communities, which indicates a good direction of change. Due to an increase in civic awareness, youth structures in Polish and French local government are becoming an essential element in the creation of democratic administrative structures.
The subject of this article is the analysis of selected instruments for the protection of the rights of seniors in terms of social policy and an attempt to assess the current senior policy in this respect. It concludes with de lege ferenda conclusions concerning the examined issues. The paper uses a dogmatic method.
PL
Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza wybranych instrumentów ochrony praw seniorów w aspekcie polityki społecznej oraz próba oceny aktualnej polityki senioralnej w tym zakresie. Pozwoli to w konkluzji na wysunięcie wniosków de lege ferenda dotyczących badanej problematyki. W artykule zastosowano metodę dogmatycznoprawną.
Nowadays, local government faces a new challenge in terms of protecting democracy due to violence against members of legislative and executive bodies. The article presents a definitional approach, normative context and a catalogue of instruments for combating violence against members of local government bodies in the interests of the good of local government as a basic element of the decentralisation of state power and the rule of law. A dogmatic-legal method was used to present the issue. Current views of the doctrine and case law of constitutional and administrative law and the ECtHR were presented. The empirical method was used in fragments to present good practices. The aim of the study is to recap the previous findings in the field of violence against members of local government bodies and to prompt reflection on local government acts, as well as to indicate recommendations in the fight against such violence.
PL
Współcześnie samorząd terytorialny stoi przed nowym wyzwaniem w zakresie ochrony demokracji w związku z przemocą wobec członków organów stanowiących i wykonawczych. Artykuł prezentuje ujęcie definicyjne, kontekst normatywny oraz katalog instrumentów zwalczania przemocy wobec członków organów samorządu terytorialnego w trosce o dobro samorządu, jako podstawowego elementu decentralizacji władzy państwowej i państwa prawa. Dla ukazania problematyki zastosowano metodę dogmatycznoprawną. Przedstawiono aktualne poglądy doktryny i orzecznictwo prawa konstytucyjnego i administracyjnego oraz ETPCz. Fragmentarycznie zastosowano metodę empiryczną dla zaprezentowania dobrych praktyk. Celem opracowania jest reasumpcja dotychczasowych ustaleń w zakresie przemocy wobec członków organów samorządu terytorialnego oraz asumpt do refleksji nad ustawami samorządowymi, jak też wskazanie rekomendacji w walce z ową przemocą.
Auxiliary units of the commune are a key element of the reborn system of local government. Thirty-five years of the functioning of local government is an opportunity to reflect on the legal position of auxiliary units of the commune, both in an evolutionary context and de lege ferenda proposals. Contemporary local government faces new challenges in organizational and functional terms, hence, the role of auxiliary units of the commune is becoming more significant and should be viewed through the prism of current needs and the possibilities for implementing tasks of local communities. The article presents the stages of evolution of auxiliary units that have influenced the current shape of the local community and the way the commune carries out its own tasks. Four models of directions for change (from the most progressive to the conservative one) have been proposed, which the legislator faces in shaping the legal position of the auxiliary unit of the commune.
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